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'Every Catholic Child in a Catholic School': Historical Resistance to State Schooling, Contemporary Private Competition, and Student Achievement Across Countries
Martin R. West Brown University Ludger Woessmann Ifo Institute for Economic Research; Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA); CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research); University of Munich - Ifo Institute for Economic Research June 2008 CESifo Working Paper Series No. 2332 Abstract: Nineteenth-Century Catholic doctrine strongly opposed state schooling. We show that countries with larger shares of Catholics in 1900 (but without a Catholic state religion) tend to have larger shares of privately operated schools even today. We use this historical pattern as a natural experiment to estimate the causal effect of contemporary private competition on student achievement in cross-country student-level analyses. Our results show that larger shares of privately operated schools lead to better student achievement in mathematics, science, and reading and to lower total education spending, even after controlling for current Catholic shares.
Keywords: private school competition, student achievement, Catholic schools JEL Classifications: I20, L33, N30, Z12 Working Paper SeriesDate posted: July 07, 2008 ; Last revised: July 07, 2008Suggested CitationContact Information
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