Indigenous and Colonial Origins of Comparative Economic Development: The Case of Colonial India and Africa

31 Pages Posted: 10 Nov 2008

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Date Written: October 2008

Abstract

This paper concerns the institutional origins of economic development, emphasising the cases of 19th-century India and Africa. Colonial institutions - the law, western style property rights, newspapers and statistical analysis - played an important part in the emergence of Indian public and commercial life in the 19th and 20th centuries. These institutions existed in the context of a state that was extractive and yet dependent on indigenous cooperation in many areas, especially in the case of the business class. In such conditions, Indian elites were critical in creating informal systems of peer-group education, enhancing aspiration through the use of historicist and religious themes, and in creating a 'benign sociology' of India as a prelude to development. Indigenous ideologies and practices were as significant in this slow enhancement of Indian capabilities as transplanted colonial ones. Contemporary development specialists would do well to consider the merits of indigenous forms of association and public debate, religious movements and entrepreneurial classes. Over much of Asia and Africa, the most successful enhancement of people's capabilities has come through the action of hybrid institutions of this type.

Keywords: India, Africa, Colonialism, Development

Suggested Citation

Bayly, C. A., Indigenous and Colonial Origins of Comparative Economic Development: The Case of Colonial India and Africa (October 2008). Brooks World Poverty Institute Working Paper No. 59, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1297214 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1297214

C. A. Bayly (Contact Author)

University of Cambridge ( email )

Trinity Ln
Cambridge, CB2 1TN
United Kingdom

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