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The Military and the Environment in the United States: Exemptions, Injunctions, and Winter v. Natural Resources Defense CouncilRobin Kundis CraigUniversity of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law May 22, 2009 Review of European Community & International Environmental Law, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 100-103, April 2009 FSU College of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 331 Abstract: This short piece reviews the background of and the U.S. Supreme Court's November 2008 decision in Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, which challenged the Navy's use of its mid-frequency active sonar (MFAS) in fourteen military training exercises off the coast of southern California. It concludes that despite possible readings of the case that would generally limit the availability of injunctions in environmental cases, especially cases under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the case is best read as the latest articulation of the Supreme Court's belief that military readiness activities are "special" when it comes to forced compliance with the federal environmental laws.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 4 Keywords: Winter v. NRDC, sonar, Navy, military, NEPA, National Environmental Policy Act, injunction, public interest Accepted Paper SeriesDate posted: December 18, 2008 ; Last revised: February 3, 2013Suggested CitationContact Information
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