Individual Teacher Incentives, Student Achievement and Grade Inflation

37 Pages Posted: 17 Mar 2009

See all articles by Pedro S. Martins

Pedro S. Martins

Nova School of Business and Economics; IZA Institute of Labor Economics; Global Labor Organization (GLO)

Abstract

How do teacher incentives affect student achievement? We contribute to this question by examining the effects of the recent introduction of teacher performance-related pay and tournaments in Portugal's public schools. Specifically, we draw on matched student-school panel data covering the population of secondary school national exams over seven years. We then conduct a difference-in-differences analysis based on two complementary control groups: public schools in two autonomous regions that were exposed to lighter versions of the reform than in the rest of the country; and private schools, which are also subject to the same national exams but whose teachers were not affected by the reform. Our results consistently indicate that the increased focus on individual teacher performance caused a significant decline in student achievement, particularly in terms of national exams. The triple-difference results also document a significant increase in grade inflation.

Keywords: performance-related pay, public sector, matched school-student data

JEL Classification: I21, M52, I28

Suggested Citation

Martins, Pedro S., Individual Teacher Incentives, Student Achievement and Grade Inflation. IZA Discussion Paper No. 4051, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1359987 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1359987

Pedro S. Martins (Contact Author)

Nova School of Business and Economics ( email )

Campus de Carcavelos
Rua da Holanda, 1
Carcavelos, 2775-405
Portugal

IZA Institute of Labor Economics

P.O. Box 7240
Bonn, D-53072
Germany

Global Labor Organization (GLO) ( email )

Collogne
Germany

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