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Does Parental Education Affect Fertility? Evidence from Pre-Demographic Transition PrussiaSascha O. BeckerUniversity of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR); CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research); Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA); Ifo Institute for Economic Research Francesco CinnirellaCESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research) - Ifo Institute for Economic Research Ludger WoessmannIfo Institute for Economic Research; Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA); CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research); University of Munich - Ifo Institute for Economic Research April 29, 2011 CESifo Working Paper Series No. 3430 Abstract: While women’s employment opportunities, relative wages, and the child quantity‐quality trade‐off have been studied as factors underlying historical fertility limitation, the role of parental education has received little attention. We combine Prussian county data from three censuses - 1816, 1849, and 1867 - to estimate the relationship between women’s education and their fertility before the demographic transition. Despite controlling for several demand and supply factors, we find a negative residual effect of women’s education on fertility. Instrumental‐variable estimates, using exogenous variation in women’s education driven by differences in landownership inequality, suggest that the effect of women’s education on fertility is causal.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 38 Keywords: demographic transition, female education, fertility, nineteenth century Prussia JEL Classification: N330, J130, J240 working papers seriesDate posted: May 4, 2011Suggested CitationContact Information
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