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Teams or Tournaments? A Field Experiment on Cooperation and Competition in Academic AchievementMaria BigoniUniversity of Bologna - Department of Economics Margherita FortUniversity of Bologna Mattia NardottoDepartment of Economics, University of Cologne Tommaso ReggianiUniversità degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca - Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Economics, Psychology & Social Sciences (CISEPS); University of Bologna - Dept. of Economics May 23, 2011 Quaderni DSE Working Paper No. 752 Abstract: This paper assesses the effect of two stylized and antithetic non-monetary incentive schemes on students’ effort. We collect data from a field experiment where incentives are exogenously imposed, performance is monitored and individual characteristics are observed. Students are randomly assigned to a tournament scheme that fosters competition between coupled students, a cooperative scheme that promotes information sharing and collaboration between students and a control treatment in which students can neither compete, nor cooperate. In line with theoretical predictions, we find that competition induces higher effort with respect to cooperation and cooperation does not increase effort with respect to the baseline. However, this is true only for men, while women do not seem to react to non-monetary incentives.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 48 Keywords: education, field experiments, incentives, competition, cooperation JEL Classification: A22, C93, I20 working papers seriesDate posted: May 30, 2011 ; Last revised: June 22, 2011Suggested CitationContact Information
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