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U.S. Monetary-Policy Evolution and U.S. Intervention


Michael D. Bordo


Harvard University - Department of Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)

Owen Humpage


Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland

Anna J. Schwartz


City University of New York (CUNY); National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - NY Office

October 27, 2011

FRB of Cleveland Working Paper No. 11-27

Abstract:     
The United States all but abandoned its foreign-exchange-market intervention operations in late 1995, when they proved corrosive to the credibility of the Federal Reserve’s commitment to price stability. We view this decision as the culmination of the evolution of U.S. monetary policy over the past century from a gold standard to a fiat money regime. The abandonment of intervention was necessary to secure monetary policy credibility.

Number of Pages in PDF File: 13

Keywords: Trilemma, central-bank independence, intervention, monetary policy, swap lines, warehousing

JEL Classification: F3, N1, N2

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Date posted: October 28, 2011  

Suggested Citation

Bordo, Michael D., Humpage, Owen and Schwartz, Anna J., U.S. Monetary-Policy Evolution and U.S. Intervention (October 27, 2011). FRB of Cleveland Working Paper No. 11-27. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1950308 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1950308

Contact Information

Michael D. Bordo
Harvard University - Department of Economics ( email )
Littauer Center
Cambridge, MA 02138
United States
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
1050 Massachusetts Avenue
Cambridge, MA 02138
United States
Owen Humpage (Contact Author)
Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland ( email )
PO Box 6387
Cleveland, OH 44101-1387
United States
Anna J. Schwartz
City University of New York (CUNY) ( email )
17 Lexington Avenue
New York, NY 10010
United States
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - NY Office
365 Fifth Avenue, 5th Floor
New York, NY 10016-4309
United States
212-817-7957 (Phone)
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