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The Environmental Kuznets Curve: A Survey of the Literature
Simone Borghesi University of Pescara; University of Siena - Department of Economics November 1999 FEEM Working Paper No. 85-99 Abstract: In the last few years, several studies have found an inverted-U relationship between per capita income and environmental degradation. This relationship, known as the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), suggests that environmental degradation increases in the early stages of growth, but it eventually decreases as income exceeds a threshold level. The present paper reviews both early and recent contributions on this subject, discussing whether and to what extent such a curve can be empirically observed, and the policy implications that derive from the empirical evidence.
JEL Classifications: C23, O5, Q2, Q25, Q32 Working Paper SeriesDate posted: February 10, 2000 ; Last revised: December 05, 2003Suggested Citation |
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