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Competition and Ideological Diversity: Historical Evidence from US NewspapersMatthew GentzkowUniversity of Chicago - Booth School of Business; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Jesse M. ShapiroUniversity of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Michael SinkinsonUniversity of Pennsylvania - Business & Public Policy Department November 1, 2012 Chicago Booth Research Paper No. 12-63 Abstract: We use data on US newspapers from the early 20th century to study the economic incentives that shape ideological diversity in the media. We show that households prefer like-minded news, and that newspapers seek both to cater to household tastes and to differentiate from their competitors. We estimate a model of newspaper demand, entry and political affiliation choice in which newspapers compete for both readers and advertisers. We find that economic competition enhances ideological diversity, that the market undersupplies diversity, and that incorporating the two-sidedness of the news market is critical to evaluating the effect of public policy. The appendices for this paper are available at the following URL:http://ssrn.com/abstract=2195623
Number of Pages in PDF File: 50 Keywords: entry models, differentiation, media, two-sided markets, advertising JEL Classification: L11, L52, L82 working papers seriesDate posted: December 19, 2012 ; Last revised: January 11, 2013Suggested CitationContact Information
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