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http://ssrn.com/abstract=225459
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Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth
Jeffrey D. Sachs
Columbia University - Columbia Earth Institute; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Andrew M. Warner
Harvard University - Center for International Development (CID)
December 1995
NBER Working Paper No. w5398
Abstract:
One of the surprising features of modern economic growth is that economies with abundant natural resources have tended to grow less rapidly than natural-resource-scarce economies. In this paper we show that economies with a high ratio of natural resource exports to GDP in 1971 (the base year) tended to have low growth rates during the subsequent period 1971-89. This negative relationship holds true even after controlling for variables found to be important for economic growth, such as initial per capita income, trade policy, government efficiency, investment rates, and other variables. We explore the possible pathways for this negative relationship by studying the cross-country effects of resource endowments on trade policy, bureaucratic efficiency, and other determinants of growth. We also provide a simple theoretical model of endogenous growth that might help to explain the observed negative relationship.
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Date posted: July 21, 2000
Suggested CitationSachs, Jeffrey D. and Warner, Andrew M., Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth (December 1995). NBER Working Paper No. w5398. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=225459
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