Accès au crédit bancaire et survie des PME camerounaises: Le rôle du capital social (Bank Credit Access and Cameroonians SMEs Survival: Does Social Capital Matter?)

Revue Africaine des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion, Vol. XIX, Nos. 1-2, pp. 111-136, 2012

Posted: 2 May 2013

See all articles by Ngoa Henri

Ngoa Henri

University of Yaounde II

Niyonsaba Sebigunda Edson

University of Goma

Date Written: 2012

Abstract

Le capital social est actuellement évoqué comme un catalyseur d’accès au crédit bancaire pour la PME. La présente étude vise à vérifier cette assertion en examinant l’impact de diverses dimensions du capital social entrepreneurial sur l’accès au crédit bancaire des PME camerounaises. A l’aide d’un modèle logit multinomial, le capital social est capté par cinq indicateurs: le ratio de la main-d’œuvre familiale, le soutien gouvernemental, l’appartenance aux réseaux d’affaires, les relations personnelles avec la banque cliente et le niveau du capital humain prédominant dans l’entreprise. A partir d’un échantillon de 413 PME camerounaises, les résultats montrent que, seules les trois dernières variables affectent positivement l’accès au crédit bancaire. Cependant, leurs effets et leurs amplitudes varient en fonction de l’échéance du crédit. Enfin, l’étude montre que grâce au capital social, les PME ayant accès au crédit bancaire survivent plus longtemps que les autres au Cameroun.

Nowadays, social capital is advocated as a catalyst of access to the bank credit for the small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs). The present study aims at verifying this assertion by examining the impact of various measurements of the entrepreneurial social capital on the access to the banking credit for Cameroonians’ SMEs. Splitting credits in 3 different modalities according to the length of their term, the study use a multinomial logit model to determine the probability of access to each type of credit. Social capital used in the model is captured through five separate indicators: the ratio of family workforce in the firm, support from the government, membership to a business’ network, private contact with the bank and the level of the human capital prevailing in the firm. Using a sample of 413 Cameroonians SMEs, we found that, only, the last three of these indicators positively impact on the probability of access to credit but their effects are differentiated according to the credit term. Finally, the study shows that through social capital, access to bank credit is a strong determinant of Cameroonians SMEs survival.

Note: Downloadable document is French.

Keywords: Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), Information asymmetry; Social Capital; Banker financing, Survival.[ PME, Asymétrie d’information, Capital Social, Financement bancaire

JEL Classification: M13, D82, Z13, E50, C41

Suggested Citation

Henri, Ngoa and Edson, Niyonsaba Sebigunda, Accès au crédit bancaire et survie des PME camerounaises: Le rôle du capital social (Bank Credit Access and Cameroonians SMEs Survival: Does Social Capital Matter?) (2012). Revue Africaine des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion, Vol. XIX, Nos. 1-2, pp. 111-136, 2012, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2255533

Ngoa Henri (Contact Author)

University of Yaounde II ( email )

1365 Yaounde
Yaounde, Center 00237
Cameroon

Niyonsaba Sebigunda Edson

University of Goma ( email )

Avenue de la Paix
Goma

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