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Friend-Or-Foe Intentionality Priming In An Extensive Form Trust Game

Terence Burnham
Harvard University - HBS Negotiations, Organizations and Markets Unit

Kevin McCabe
University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - Carlson School of Management

Vernon L. Smith
Chapman University - Economic Science Institute; Chapman University School of Law



Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 43, No.1, September 1, 2000

Abstract:     
In a laboratory experiment, we use an extensive form two person trust game to examine the hypothesis that human subjects have a preconscious friend-or-foe (FOF) mental mechanism for evaluating the intentions of another person. Instructions are used to weakly prime the FOF state: instead of the term "counterpart" for referring to the person that an individual is matched with, we substitute the word "partner" in one treatment, "opponent" in the other. This treatment produces a significant difference in trust and trustworthiness behavior in repeat interactions over time with distinct pairs on each trial. Trustworthiness with "partner" is over twice that for "opponent", and this reinforces trust, although both trust and trustworthiness erode over time.

Keyword(s): Bargaining; Reciprocity; Trust and trustworthiness; Evolutionary psychology

JEL Classifications: C78, C91

Accepted Paper Series

Date posted: September 22, 2001 ; Last revised: September 22, 2001

Suggested Citation

Burnham, Terence C., McCabe, Kevin and Smith, Vernon L., Friend-Or-Foe Intentionality Priming In An Extensive Form Trust Game. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 43, No.1, September 1, 2000. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=251388


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Contact Information

Terence C. Burnham (Contact Author)
Harvard University - HBS Negotiations, Organizations and Markets Unit
Soldiers Field
Boston, MA 02163
United States
Kevin McCabe
University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - Carlson School of Management ( email )
321 19th Avenue South
669 Management and Economics
Minneapolis, MN 55455
United States
612-624-9393 (Phone)
612-626-7795 (Fax)
Vernon L. Smith
Chapman University - Economic Science Institute ( email )
One University Dr.
Orange, CA 92866
United States
714-628-2830 (Phone)
Chapman University School of Law ( email )
One University Drive
Orange, CA 92866-1099
United States
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