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Urban Congestion Charging: Theory, Practice and Environmental Consequences

Georgina Santos
University of Cambridge - Department of Applied Economics

David M.G. Newbery
University of Cambridge - Department of Applied Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR); CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research)

September 2001

CESifo Working Paper Series No. 568

Abstract:
The theory of road pricing developed for single links suggests time and location varying charges equal to the marginal congestion cost at the efficient level of traffic. The second-best network counterpart is derived, but would be infeasible to implement. Cordon tolls are feasible, and their optimal level computed for eight towns. A cost-benefit study showed that with a suitable choice of location, all schemes were socially profitable, though with wide variations across towns. The environmental benefits of cordon tolls are measured and shown to correlate with optimal congestion tolls, but to be modest in size and not to affect the optimal toll.

Keywords: Road Traffic Congestion, Road Pricing, Congestion Charging, Cordon Tolls, Environmental Taxes

JEL Classifications: R41, R48, Q28, H23

Working Paper Series

Date posted: October 14, 2001 ; Last revised: September 01, 2004

Suggested Citation

Santos, Georgina and Newbery, David M.G., Urban Congestion Charging: Theory, Practice and Environmental Consequences (September 2001). CESifo Working Paper Series No. 568. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=284156

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Contact Information

David M.G. Newbery (Contact Author) University of Cambridge - Department of Applied Economics ( email ) Sidgwick Avenue Cambridge CB3 9DE United Kingdom +44 1223 335 246 (Phone) +44 1223 335 299 (Fax)
Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) 90-98 Goswell Road London EC1V 7RR United Kingdom +44 1223 335 246/7 (Phone)
CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research) Poschinger Str. 5 DE-81679 Munich Germany
Georgina Santos University of Cambridge - Department of Applied Economics ( email ) Sidgwick Avenue Cambridge CB3 9DE United Kingdom +44 1223 335 284 (Phone) +44 1223 335 299 (Fax)

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