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What Fundamentals Drive World Migration?


Timothy J. Hatton


Australian National University (ANU) - School of Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR); Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)

Jeffrey G. Williamson


Harvard University - Department of Economics, Laird Bell Professor of Economics, Emeritus; Honorary Fellow, University of Wisconsin - Department of Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR); Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)

September 2002

NBER Working Paper No. w9159

Abstract:     
OECD governments note rising immigration with alarm and grapple with policies aimed at selecting certain migrants and keeping out others. Economists appear to be well armed to advise governments since they are responsible for an impressive literature that examines the characteristics of individual immigrants, their absorption and the consequences of their migration on both sending and receiving regions. Economists are, however, much less well armed to speak to the determinants of the world migrations that give rise to public alarm. This paper offers a quantitative assessment of the economic and demographic fundamentals that have driven and are driving world migration, across different historical epochs and around the world. The paper is organized around three questions: How do the standard theories of migration perform when confronted with evidence drawn from more than a century of world migration experience? How do inequality and poverty influence world migration? Is it useful to distinguish between migration pressure and migration ex-post, or between the potential demand for visas and the actual use of them?

Number of Pages in PDF File: 36

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Date posted: October 30, 2002  

Suggested Citation

Hatton, Timothy J. and Williamson, Jeffrey G., What Fundamentals Drive World Migration? (September 2002). NBER Working Paper No. w9159. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=330993

Contact Information

Timothy J. Hatton
Australian National University (ANU) - School of Economics ( email )
Coombs Building 9
Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200
Australia
Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)
77 Bastwick Street
London, EC1V 3PZ
United Kingdom
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)
P.O. Box 7240
Bonn, D-53072
Germany
Jeffrey G. Williamson (Contact Author)
Harvard University - Department of Economics, Laird Bell Professor of Economics, Emeritus ( email )
Littauer Center
Room 216
Cambridge, MA 02138
United States
617-495-2438 (Phone)
617-496-7352 (Fax)
Honorary Fellow, University of Wisconsin - Department of Economics
716 Langdon Street
Madison, WI 53706-1481
United States
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
1050 Massachusetts Avenue
Cambridge, MA 02138
United States
Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)
77 Bastwick Street
London, EC1V 3PZ
United Kingdom
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)
P.O. Box 7240
Bonn, D-53072
Germany
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