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Stock Options and Chief Executive Officer Compensation


Chris Armstrong


University of Pennsylvania - Accounting Department

David F. Larcker


Stanford University - Graduate School of Business

Che-Lin Su


University of Chicago Booth School of Business

May 15, 2007

Operations Research, Vol. 58, No. 4, Part 2 of 2, July–August 2010, pp. 1090–1106
Rock Center for Corporate Governance Working Paper No. 27

Abstract:     
Although stock options are commonly observed in chief executive officer (CEO) compensation contracts, there is theoretical controversy about whether stock options are part of the optimal contract. Using a sample of Fortune 500 companies, we solve an agency model calibrated to the company-specific data and we find that stock options are almost always part of the optimal contract. This result is robust to alternative assumptions about the level of CEO risk-aversion and the disutility associated with their effort. In a supplementary analysis, we solve for the optimal contract when there are no restrictions on the contract space. We find that the optimal contract (which is characterized as a state-contingent payoff to the CEO) typically has option-like features over the most probable range of outcomes.

Paper published as: "Endogenous Selection and Moral Hazard in Compensation Contracts" in Operations Research, Linthicum 58 (July/August 2010): 1090-1106.

Number of Pages in PDF File: 48

Keywords: Stock Options, Incentives, Agency Model

JEL Classification: C61, D82, D86, J33, J41

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Date posted: May 21, 2007 ; Last revised: November 6, 2012

Suggested Citation

Armstrong, Chris S., Larcker, David F. and Su, Che-Lin, Stock Options and Chief Executive Officer Compensation (May 15, 2007). Operations Research, Vol. 58, No. 4, Part 2 of 2, July–August 2010, pp. 1090–1106; Rock Center for Corporate Governance Working Paper No. 27. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=987693 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.987693

Contact Information

Chris S. Armstrong
University of Pennsylvania - Accounting Department ( email )
3641 Locust Walk
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6365
United States

David F. Larcker (Contact Author)
Stanford University - Graduate School of Business ( email )
Graduate School of Business
518 Memorial Way
Stanford, CA 94305-5015
United States
650-725-6159 (Phone)

Che-Lin Su
University of Chicago Booth School of Business ( email )
5807 S. Woodlawn Avenue
Chicago, IL 60637
United States
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