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Determinants of Direct Democracy


Nadia Fiorino


University of L'Aquila - Faculty of Economics

Roberto Ricciuti


University of Verona - Department of Economics; CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research)

June 2007

CESifo Working Paper No. 2035

Abstract:     
This paper investigates on the demographic, economic, political and cultural determinants of direct democracy in 87 countries using an index of direct democracy. The test is interesting since there are important variations across these countries in the referendum and initiative use. We apply a number of estimation techniques. We find that per capita income, education and a larger share of Catholic population are positive determinants, whereas ethnic fractionalization is depending on the estimation technique. Political rights and stability also work as prerequisites to direct democracy. Direct democracy seems independent from the institutional structure.

Number of Pages in PDF File: 23

Keywords: direct democracy, comparative politics, referendum

JEL Classification: H80

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Date posted: July 2, 2007  

Suggested Citation

Fiorino, Nadia and Ricciuti, Roberto, Determinants of Direct Democracy (June 2007). CESifo Working Paper No. 2035. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=997799

Contact Information

Nadia Fiorino
University of L'Aquila - Faculty of Economics ( email )
Roio Poggio, 67040
Italy
Roberto Ricciuti (Contact Author)
University of Verona - Department of Economics ( email )
Via dell'Artigliere, 8
37129 Verona
Italy
CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research)
Poschinger Str. 5
Munich, DE-81679
Germany
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