Artificial Intelligence (AI) Augmented Qualitative Analysis: The Way of the Future?

Abstract

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution is here and gathering momentum, thanks to new models of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and rapidly increasing adoption by the public. NLP technology enables computers to understand, interpret and generate human languages using text or speech as its source material. It can also be applied to visual mediums like images and videos. Qualitative researchers are beginning to adopt this technology in their work, but our understanding of its potential remains in its infancy. This article will define and describe NLP based AI and discuss its benefits and limitations for qualitative health research. While there are many platforms available, ChatGPT is the most well-known and accessible. A worked example using ChatGPT to augment reflexive thematic analysis is provided to illustrate potential application in practice. This article is intended to inspire further conversation around the role of AI in qualitative research and offer practical guidance for researchers seeking to adopt this technology.

Note:
Funding Information: No funding received for this project.

Conflict of Interests: No competing interests.

Keywords: qualitative, health research, artificial intelligence, ChatGPT

JEL Classification: I10