Stochastic ESG Scores and Nonpecuniary ESG Preferences: An Extension to CAPM

Finance Research Letters, 2025[10.1016/j.frl.2025.107179]

18 Pages Posted: 20 Dec 2023 Last revised: 31 Mar 2025

See all articles by Kei Nakagawa

Kei Nakagawa

Osaka Metropolitan University

Keisuke Morita

Nomura Asset Management Co., Ltd.

Ryuta Sakemoto

Hokkaido University

Date Written: March 24, 2025

Abstract

We propose an ESG-CAPM with stochastic ESG scores to address ESG score divergence and its uncertain impact on returns. Our model separates ESG utility from wealth, allowing ESG scores to adjust risk premia via market beta. Expected returns depend on both market and ESG betas, predicting higher returns when ESG betas exceed market betas. Investors demand higher returns for high ESG beta stocks, while greater weight on nonpecuniary utility lowers returns. Easily estimable, our model helps CFOs assess capital costs using CAPM-like methods and offers varied cost estimates based on different ESG rating agencies.

Keywords: ESG, CAPM, ESG beta, ESG Score

JEL Classification: G10,G11,G12

Suggested Citation

Nakagawa, Kei and Morita, Keisuke and Sakemoto, Ryuta, Stochastic ESG Scores and Nonpecuniary ESG Preferences: An Extension to CAPM (March 24, 2025). Finance Research Letters, 2025[10.1016/j.frl.2025.107179], Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4657855 or http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2025.107179

Kei Nakagawa (Contact Author)

Osaka Metropolitan University ( email )

3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi Ward
Osaka, Osaka 558-8585

Keisuke Morita

Nomura Asset Management Co., Ltd. ( email )

2-2-1 Toyosu
Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0061
Japan

Ryuta Sakemoto

Hokkaido University ( email )

5 Kita 8 Jonishi, Kita Ward
Hokkaido Prefecture
Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0808
Japan

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