The European Union's CSRD and CS3D: The Invisible Threats to the United States

26 Pages Posted: 27 Sep 2025

Date Written: September 26, 2025

Abstract

The European Union is preparing to adopt regulations for the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence (CS3D). These directives would have substantial costs on American businesses. This paper estimates some of those costs.

Keywords: European Union, CSRD, CS3D, Environmental Regulation, Human Trafficking Regulation, Regulatory Costs, United States

Suggested Citation

Furchtgott-Roth, Harold, The European Union's CSRD and CS3D: The Invisible Threats to the United States (September 26, 2025). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5534138 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5534138

Harold Furchtgott-Roth (Contact Author)

Brooklyn Law School ( email )

250 Joralemon Street
Brooklyn, NY 11201
United States

Hudson Institute ( email )

1201 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20004
United States

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