In Situ Thermal Runaway Detection in Lithium-Ion Batteries with Integrated Internal Sensor

Safety is of prime importance for energy storage systems. Novel solutions viz., electrolyte additives, shut-off separators have limited scope in their response time and performance. Here, we report in situ sensing of thermal signatures using an internal RTD. Sensing the temperature beneath the anode gives direct access to the heat liberated during thermal runaway, including solid electrolyte interface decomposition. External short circuit and overcharge tests were simulated, and temperature of 36.4°C and 48.4°C were recorded using internal RTDs and modeling explained the occurrence of different regimes. Multimode Calorimetry of modified LIB yielded more endothermic peaks beyond 150°C due to the presence of polylactic acid holder. Overall 1.75 kJ g^-1 of generated heat was measured using MMC, which is significantly lower than LIB without RTD sensor. The RTD embedded assembly acts as a passive safety device. Our work can lead to conducive LIBs for high energy density applications.

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Parekh, Mihit Hitendra and Li, Bing and Palanisamy, Manikandan and Adams, Thomas E. and Tomar, Vikas and Pol, Vilas Ganpat, In Situ Thermal Runaway Detection in Lithium-Ion Batteries with Integrated Internal Sensor. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3581856 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3581856

This version of the paper has not been formally peer reviewed.