Varstvo potrošnikov in digitalna ekonomija v EU: kdo je potrošnik? (Consumer Protection and the Digital Economy in the EU: Who is the Consumer?)
Digitalno gospodarstvo : konferenčni zbornik / X. posvet Pravo in ekonomija 2017
Posted: 24 Jan 2023
Date Written: December 1, 2017
Abstract
Slovenian Abstract: Evropska unija se ponaša z relativno visoko ravnijo varstva potrošnikov. Pravila na tem področju se uporabljajo kot lex specialis v razmerju do splošnega obligacijskega prava in pridejo v poštev zgolj v primerih, ko gre za pogodbe, sklenjene med trgovci in potrošniki (B2C). Z razvojem digitalne ekonomije se EU vedno bolj posveča izgradnji enotnega digitalnega trga EU, s tem pa tudi vprašanjem varstva potrošnikov v digitalnem okolju. Dokler na tem področju ne bo sprejeta relevantna sekundarna zakonodaja, se bodo pogodbena razmerja,
sklenjena v digitalnem okolju, presojala skladno z obstoječimi pravili potrošniškega prava EU. To velja tako za spletna družbena omrežja kot tudi za spletne platforme sodelovalnega ali delitvenega gospodarstva. Vendar to ni vedno možno v polnem obsegu, saj je v digitalnem okolju meja med trgovcem in potrošnikom pogosto zabrisana. Nedavno se je z opredelitvijo pojma potrošnik v digitalnem okolju ukvarjalo Sodišče EU v zadevi Schrems proti Facebooku. Ta prispevek predstavi klasično opredelitev pojma »potrošnik« v EU in analizira sodbo Sodišča EU v zadevi Schrems proti Facebooku z namenom, da odgovori na vprašanje, ali (in kako) dejstvo, da je pogodba sklenjena v digitalnem okolju, vpliva na opredelitev pojma potrošnik.
English Abstract: The European Union boasts a relatively high level of consumer protection. The rules in this area apply as lex specialis in relation to general law of obligations, in cases concerning contracts between traders and consumers (B2C). With the development of the digital economy, the EU is committed to build a digital single market in the EU, and thus to consumer protection in the digital environment. Until relevant secondary legislation is adopted, contractual relationships concluded in the digital environment will be assessed in accordance with existing EU consumer acquis. This applies both to social networks and to the online peer-to-peer platforms. However, this is not always fully possible, as in the digital environment the division between the trader and the consumer
is often blurred. Recently, the Court of Justice of the EU dealt with the concept of consumer in the digital environment in the case of Schrems v. Facebook. I will sketch the classical definition of the term 'consumer' in the EU and examine the judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU in Schrems v. Facebook to determine whether (and how) the fact that a contract is concluded in a digital environment affects the definition of consumer.
Keywords: B2C contracts, consumer, trader, social networks, online platforms
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation