Beyond Necessity-Driven versus Opportunity-Driven Entrepreneurship: A Study of Informal Entrepreneurs in England, Russia and Ukraine

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 157-166, 2008

10 Pages Posted: 7 Jul 2013

See all articles by Colin Williams

Colin Williams

University of Sheffield - School of Management

Multiple version iconThere are 2 versions of this paper

Date Written: 2008

Abstract

To evaluate critically the conventional view that entrepreneurs are either necessity- or opportunity-driven, empirical data is reported from England, Ukraine and Russia on the motives of a specific group of entrepreneurs, namely those operating wholly or partially in the informal economy. Finding that for the vast majority both necessity- and opportunity-drivers are involved in their decision to start-up enterprises along with a clear shift from necessity- to opportunity-oriented motivations as their ventures became more established, the paper concludes by discussing the public policy implications of these findings.

Keywords: informal economy, entrepreneurship, venture creation, Ukraine, Russia, England, informal sector, enterprise development

JEL Classification: O17, K42, R20, O17, H26, H31

Suggested Citation

Williams, Colin, Beyond Necessity-Driven versus Opportunity-Driven Entrepreneurship: A Study of Informal Entrepreneurs in England, Russia and Ukraine (2008). International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 157-166, 2008, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2290528

Colin Williams (Contact Author)

University of Sheffield - School of Management ( email )

15 Conduit Road
Sheffield, S10 1FL
United Kingdom

HOME PAGE: http://https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/management/staff/williams/index

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