lancet-header

Preprints with The Lancet is part of SSRN´s First Look, a place where journals identify content of interest prior to publication. Authors have opted in at submission to The Lancet family of journals to post their preprints on Preprints with The Lancet. The usual SSRN checks and a Lancet-specific check for appropriateness and transparency have been applied. Preprints available here are not Lancet publications or necessarily under review with a Lancet journal. These preprints are early stage research papers that have not been peer-reviewed. The findings should not be used for clinical or public health decision making and should not be presented to a lay audience without highlighting that they are preliminary and have not been peer-reviewed. For more information on this collaboration, see the comments published in The Lancet about the trial period, and our decision to make this a permanent offering, or visit The Lancet´s FAQ page, and for any feedback please contact preprints@lancet.com.

Immunonutrition Versus Standard Nutrition for Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

48 Pages Posted: 11 Oct 2018

See all articles by Kaili Yu

Kaili Yu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Xiaoya Zheng

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Guiyue Wang

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Miao Liu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Yuhang Li

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Pulin Yu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), Second Affiliated Hospital

Mengyuan Yang

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Nana Guo

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Xiaohui Ma

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Yue Bu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Yahui Peng

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Ci Han

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Kaijiang Yu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

Changsong Wang

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

More...

Abstract

Background: Whether cancer patients receive benefits from immunonutrition is unclear. We systematically reviewed the effect of immunonutrition versus standard nutrition on cancer patients.

Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting clinical outcomes comparing immunonutrition with standard nutrition from the date of database inception to May 28, 2018. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the quality of evidence using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation approach.

Findings: In total, 79 randomized controlled trials with a total of 6970 adult cancer patients were included in the final pooled analysis. Compared with standard nutrition, immunonutrition was associated with a significantly lower risk of postoperative infection complications (RR 0*71 [95% CI 0*64 - 0*79], p<0*00001, I²=0), including a lower risk of wound infection (RR 0*72 [95% CI 0*60 - 0*87], p=0*0007, I²=0), respiratory tract infection (RR 0*70 [95% CI 0*59 - 0*84], p=0*0001, I²=0), and urinary tract infection (RR 0*69 [95% CI 0*51 - 0*964, p=0*02, I²=0), as well as a lower risk of anastomotic leakage (RR 0*70 [95% CI 0*53 - 0*91], p=0*009, I²=0) and a shorter hospital stay (RR -2*12 days [95% CI -2*72 to -1*52], p<0*00001, I2=82%). Among cancer patients who underwent surgery, no differences were found between the two groups with regard to sepsis (RR 0*75 [95% CI 0*45 - 1*25], p=0*27, I²=0) or all-cause mortality (RR 1*00 [95% CI 0*69-1*43], p=0*99, I²=0). Among chemoradiotherapy patients, no differences were found between the two groups with regard to oral mucositis (RR 0*95, 95% CI 0*86 to 1*04, I²=0), diarrhea (RR 0*96, 95% CI 0*81 to 1*13, I²=0) or all-cause mortality (RR 0*43, 95% CI 0*10 to 1*82, I²=0).

Interpretation: This systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that for surgical cancer patients, immunonutrition reduces postoperative infection complications (moderate quality) and shortens hospital stays (low quality) but does not reduce all-cause mortality (moderate quality); for chemoradiotherapy patients, immunonutrition is not superior to standard nutrition in improving oral mucositis (very low quality), diarrhea (low quality) or all-cause mortality (low quality).

Funding Statement: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81571871 and 81770276); Nn10 program and Distinguished Young Scholars Fund of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital; the Yuweihan Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Harbin Medical University; Harbin Science and Technology Innovation Scholars Fund (2017RAXXJ087); Heilongjiang Province Postdoctoral Research Fund

Declaration of Interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: no support from any organisation for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Ethics Approval Statement: The authors declare Ethical Approval: "Not required."

Keywords: Immunonutrition; Cancer; Surgery; Chemoradiotherapy; Infection

Suggested Citation

Yu, Kaili and Zheng, Xiaoya and Wang, Guiyue and Liu, Miao and Li, Yuhang and Yu, Pulin and Yang, Mengyuan and Guo, Nana and Ma, Xiaohui and Bu, Yue and Peng, Yahui and Han, Ci and Yu, Kaijiang and Wang, Changsong, Immunonutrition Versus Standard Nutrition for Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (September 29, 2018). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3258683 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3258683

Kaili Yu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Xiaoya Zheng

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Guiyue Wang

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Miao Liu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Yuhang Li

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Pulin Yu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), Second Affiliated Hospital

China

Mengyuan Yang

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Nana Guo

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Xiaohui Ma

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Yue Bu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Yahui Peng

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Ci Han

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine

China

Kaijiang Yu

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine ( email )

China

Changsong Wang (Contact Author)

Harbin Medical University - Department of Critical Care Medicine ( email )

China