青年“佛系”行为形成的社会原因与心理过程：基于结构方程模型的中介机制研究 (The Social Causes and Psychological Processes of the 'Buddhist-Style' Behavior of Youth: A Mediation Study Based on Structural Equation Modelling)

Abstract

Chinese Abstract: 本研究认为，青年的“佛系”行为实质上是当代青年应对当前社会问题的一种防御性心理策略。目前对青年“佛系”行为的研究多是从理论阐述出发，缺乏该行为形成的社会原因与心理过程的量化分析。对1097名被试的调查结果表明，本研究所开发的青年“佛系”行为测量量表具有良好的信度和效度，是对该行为进行量化研究的可靠工具。调查结果显示，所处社会阶层较低、社会不公平感较高和生活压力较大是青年“佛系”行为形成的主要社会原因，而基本心理需要和习得性无助等心理因素则在其中起了显著的中介作用。在当前社会环境难以在短时间内改变的现实情境下，本研究提出对青年“佛系”行为的治理应该从其心理过程入手，通过全社会对青年群体的关心、指导、鼓励和包容，让其基本心理需要得到满足，习得性无助状态得到缓解，从而使得青年群体恢复在工作和生活中应有的积极状态。

English Abstract: This study proposed that the youth's “Buddhist-style” behavior is a defensive psychological strategy for contemporary youth to cope with current social problems. At present, most of the researches on the “Buddhist-style” behavior of youth are based on theoretical explanations, and there is a lack of quantitative analysis of the social causes and psychological processes of that behavior. The survey results of 1097 participants showed that the measurement scale for “Buddhist-style” behavior of youth which developed by this study has good reliability and validity, shown this is a reliable tool for quantitative research on that behavior. The survey results also demonstrated that the low social class, high perceived social injustice and high life stress are the main social causes for the formation of the “Buddhist-style” behavior of youth, while the psychological factors such as basic psychological needs and learned helplessness are played as significant mediators in it. Under the realistic situation that the current social environment is difficult to change in a short period of time, this study proposes that the governance of the “Buddhist-style” behavior of youth should start from its psychological processes. Through the whole society's care, guidance, encouragement and tolerance for the youth group, their basic psychological needs should be met, and the learned helplessness state should be alleviated, so that to help the youth group to resume the positive state that they should be in work and life.

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Keywords: 青年, “佛系”, 基本心理需要, 习得性无助, 中介效应, youth, “Buddhist-style” behavior, basic psychological needs, learned helplessness, mediating