Investigating the Relationship Between the Life Cycle of Electromagnetic Waves, Quantum Redshift, Quantum Flux, and Luminosity

Abstract

The redshift, luminosity, and flux are important tools for investigating stars and galaxies. The reason for the shift in spectral lines and decreasing the frequency have been discussed in the last centuries. However, the Doppler effect, gravitational redshift, and expanding space cannot describe the universe. Quantum redshift is a new theory to describe decreasing the frequency of the electromagnetic waves in the distance travels. Here we explain the life cycle of the electromagnetic waves. Also, we introduce a relationship between the quantum redshift of the three points when the distance of one object is equal to the summation of the distances of the other objects. We obtain a novel equation between the flux and the redshift. Our results show that the real distances of the objects are less than the distances in the accelerated expansion space theory. We can use the quantum redshift for investigating cosmic microwave background (CMB), Big bang, and predicting the age and size of the universe.

Keywords: Quantum redshift, Quantum of the mass