Initial Margin Requirements and Market Efficiency
Forthcoming, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis
54 Pages Posted: 26 Mar 2021 Last revised: 26 Dec 2023
Date Written: August 31, 2023
Abstract
We examine the association between margin requirements and the market’s efficiency in incorporating firm-specific and market-level public news. Combining the Fed’s 22 changes in margin requirements with a hand-collected sample of earnings announcements between 1934-1975, we show that higher margin requirements induce greater delay in incorporating earnings information into prices. We draw similar conclusions when we analyze the Hou and Moskowitz (2005) price delay measure, as well as indirect measures of leverage constraints over recent years. Further tests suggest that, despite the Fed’s expressed intent to curtail excess speculation, higher margin requirements restrict trading by arbitrageurs more than noise traders.
Keywords: market efficiency, leverage constraints, margin requirements, limits to arbitrage, post-earnings announcement drift, PEAD
JEL Classification: G12, G14, G41
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation