Key Parameters and Performance Analysis of Underwater Pv System

Abstract

Underwater photovoltaic (PV) is increasingly recognized as an ideal solution for clean energy supply in coastal regions, owing to its advantages of not requiring land resources and ensuring high continuity of energy supply. However, the influence of factors such as underwater conditions on the performance of underwater PV is complex. Water depth, temperature and climate conditions are key parameters that must be considered. In this paper, the underwater PV model was established to predict the electrothermal performance, and the influence of water depth, temperature and climate conditions on the underwater PV performance was systematically analyzed. The results showed that the electrical performance of PV increased by 1.93% at 2.5cm underwater, and the temperature fluctuation of PV was greatly affected by the seasonal change. In addition, the underwater PV performance in different climate regions was compared. It was worth noting that the annual underwater PV power generation in tropical regions increases by 28.8% compared to sub-tropical regions. The difference in annual power generation between temperate regions and cold regions was small, probably due to trade-offs based on irradiance and temperature changes. This study provided an accurate prediction model and reliable scientific basis for further optimization and wider application of underwater PV.

Keywords: Underwater PV, Water depth, Temperature, Climate, Electrical-thermal performance