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Muhammad Furqan Azam

KU Leuven

Oude Markt 13

Leuven, 3000

Belgium

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

2

DOWNLOADS

67

TOTAL CITATIONS

1

Scholarly Papers (2)

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1.

Physics-Informed Factor Graph Neural Networks for Constrained State Estimation in Low Observable Distribution Networks

Number of pages: 34 Posted: 19 Jan 2026
Muhammad Furqan Azam, Marta Vanin, Chris Hermans, Reinhilde D'hulst and Geert Deconinck
KU Leuven, KU Leuven, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN and KU Leuven
Downloads 52 (1,109,210)
Citation 1

Abstract:

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Distribution networks, factor graphs, physics-informed machine learning, state estimation.

2.

Hard-Constrained Probabilistic Factor Graph Neural Network for Distribution System State Estimation under Non-Gaussian Uncertainty

Number of pages: 55 Posted: 20 May 2026
Muhammad Furqan Azam, Marta Vanin, Chris Hermans and Geert Deconinck
KU Leuven, KU Leuven, affiliation not provided to SSRN and KU Leuven
Downloads 15 (1,534,404)

Abstract:

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Distribution system state estimation, physics-informed neural networks, factor graphs, projection layer, non-Gaussian uncertainty