Zachary D. Kaufman

Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law

Visiting Associate Professor of Law (Spring 2022)

Campus Box 1120

St. Louis, MO 63130

United States

http://law.wustl.edu/faculty-staff-directory/profile/zachary-d-kaufman/

University of Houston Law Center

Associate Professor of Law and Political Science and Co-Director, Criminal Justice Institute

4604 Calhoun Road

Houston, TX 77204

United States

http://www.law.uh.edu/faculty/zacharykaufman/

Yale University - Law School

Former Associate Research Scholar and Robina Foundation Visiting Fellow

P.O. Box 208215

New Haven, CT 06520-8215

United States

Stanford Law School

Former Lecturer and Fellow

559 Nathan Abbott Way

Stanford, CA 94305-8610

United States

Harvard University - Harvard Kennedy School (HKS)

Former Senior Fellow

79 John F. Kennedy Street

Cambridge, MA 02138

United States

  • Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law

  • University of Houston Law Center

  • Yale University - Law School

  • Stanford Law School

  • Harvard University - Harvard Kennedy School (HKS)

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

60

DOWNLOADS
Rank 3,247

SSRN RANKINGS

Top 3,247

in Total Papers Downloads

15,168

SSRN CITATIONS

2

CROSSREF CITATIONS

9

Scholarly Papers (60)

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1.

Democratizing Entrepreneurship: An Overview of the Past, Present, and Future of Crowdfunding

Bloomberg BNA Securities Regulation & Law Report, Volume 45, Number 5: 208-217, February 2013
Number of pages: 15 Posted: 05 Feb 2013
Zachary D. Kaufman, Theodore Kassinger and Heather Traeger
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law, O'Melveny & Myers LLP and O'Melveny & Myers LLP
Downloads 1,963 (10,608)

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Small business, entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, crowdfunding, financing, fundraising, capital, Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, JOBS Act, CROWDFUND Act, Securities Act of 1933, Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Kickstarter, Securities and Exchange Commission, Financial Industry Regulatory Authority

2.

Protectors of Predators or Prey: Bystanders and Upstanders Amid Sexual Crimes

Southern California Law Review, Volume 92, pp. 1317-1406 (2019)
Number of pages: 90 Posted: 03 Apr 2018 Last Revised: 08 Dec 2019
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 915 (33,554)

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sexual violence, rape, sexual misconduct, sexual abuse, Bad Samaritan laws, duty to report, duty to rescue, bystanders, upstanders, punishment, prevention, deterrence, incentives, self-incrimination, Donald Trump, Harvey Weinstein, Larry Nassar, Holocaust, Syria, Rwanda, Genovese, Araujo, Iverson

3.

The Nuremberg Tribunal v. The Tokyo Tribunal: Designs, Staffs, and Operations

John Marshall Law Review, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 753-768, 2010
Number of pages: 16 Posted: 27 Aug 2011 Last Revised: 12 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 752 (43,852)

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Transitional Justice, War Crimes Tribunals, Nuremberg Tribunal, Tokyo Tribunal, ICTY, ICTR, International Criminal Court, SCSL, ECCC, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, World War II, Holocaust, Japan, Germany, United States, U.S. Foreign Policy, United Nations Security Council, International Law

4.

Making Social and Environmental Impact Through Legal Careers: The Top 10 Roles for Attorneys in Social Entrepreneurship

LawForChange: The Legal Forum for Social Innovators, pp. 1-16
Number of pages: 16 Posted: 05 Sep 2013
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 705 (47,823)

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Small business, Small businesses, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Social Enterprise Law, Law School, LawForChange, Ashoka, Echoing Green, Grameen Bank, Indego Africa, White House Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation, Crowdfund, Crowdfunding

5.

Lessons from Rwanda: Post-Genocide Law and Policy

Stanford Law & Policy Review Online, 2019
Number of pages: 22 Posted: 05 Aug 2019
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 538 (67,640)

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International Law, International Criminal Law, Transitional Justice, Atrocity Crimes, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Rwanda, Rwandan Genocide, Genocide Against the Tutsi, Holocaust, Hate Speech, Atrocity Prevention, Sexual Abuse, Rape, United Nations, UN, ICC, ICTR, ICTY, Bystanders

6.

The United States, Syria, and the International Criminal Court: Implications of the Rome Statute's Aggression Amendment

Harvard International Law Journal Online, Volume 55, Pages 35-44, 2013
Number of pages: 10 Posted: 15 Dec 2013 Last Revised: 16 Feb 2014
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 452 (83,703)

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International Law, International Criminal Law, Transitional Justice, Diplomacy, U.S. Foreign Policy, United States, Syria, Uganda, International Criminal Court, ICC, Rome Statute, Use of Force, Aggression, Chemical Weapons, Military Intervention, Humanitarian Intervention, National Security

7.

No Right to Fight: The Modern Implications of Japan's Pacifist Postwar Constitution

Yale Journal of International Law, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 266-273, 2008
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 20 Aug 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 449 (84,323)

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Japan, United States, North Korea, China, Iraq, World War II, Military, Remilitarization, Rearmament, Nationalism, Revisionism, Pacifism, Terrorism, Atrocities, War Crimes, Constitution, United Nations Security Council, Self-Defense, Defense, Offense, Aggression, Nuclear Weapons, Peacekeeping

8.

Transitional Justice as Genocide Prevention: From a Culture of Impunity to a Culture of Accountability

CONFRONTING GENOCIDE IN RWANDA: DEHUMANIZATION, DENIAL, AND STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTION, pp.363-78 (Jean-Damascène Gasanabo, David J. Simon & Margee M. Ensign, eds. 2014) (2d ed. 2015)
Number of pages: 16 Posted: 26 Apr 2014 Last Revised: 07 Dec 2015
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 425 (89,899)

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International Law, International Criminal Law, Transitional Justice, War Crimes Prosecutions, Genocide, Genocide Convention, Atrocities, Rwanda, United States, France, United Nations, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, International Criminal Court, Gacaca, Accountability, Impunity

9.

The Prospects, Problems, and Proliferation of Recent UN Investigations of International Law Violations

Journal of International Criminal Justice, Volume 16, Issue 1, pp. 93-112 (2018)
Number of pages: 20 Posted: 25 Feb 2018 Last Revised: 03 Apr 2018
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 421 (90,839)

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International Law, Atrocity Crimes, United Nations, ISIL, ISIS, Islamic State, Daesh, Da'esh, Terrorism, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Yazidi, Yezidi, International Criminal Court, Iraq, Syria, Myanmar, Burundi, Yemen, ICC, Justice, Accountability, Human Rights, Investigations

10.

Youth and Social Entrepreneurship

Diplomatic Courier (January/February 2013)
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 28 Jan 2013
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 398 (96,927)

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Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Conflict Resolution, Development, Peace-building, Growth, Africa, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, United States, Orphans, AIDS, Youth

11.

The Future of Transitional Justice

St. Antony's International Review (University of Oxford Journal of International Relations), Vol. 1, pp. 58-81, 2005
Number of pages: 24 Posted: 20 Aug 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 384 (101,062)

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Transitional Justice, Amnesty, Lustration, De-Baathification, Exile, Assassination, Prosecution, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Atrocities, Military Tribunals, Truth Commissions, ICTR, ICTY, ICC, IST, SCSL, ECCC, Charles Taylor, United States, Rwanda, Liberia, Iraq, Nigeria

12.

Legislating Atrocity Prevention

Harvard Journal on Legislation, Volume 57, pp. 163-218
Number of pages: 56 Posted: 11 Nov 2019 Last Revised: 14 Feb 2020
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 375 (103,865)
Citation 1

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Legislation, Foreign Relations Law, International Law, Foreign Policy, U.S. Foreign Policy, National Security Law, National Security, National Interest, Atrocity Prevention, Transitional Justice, International Justice, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Atrocity Crimes, Syria, Rwanda

13.

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE, Nadya Nedelsky & Lavinia Stan, eds., Cambridge University Press, 2012
Number of pages: 5 Posted: 21 Feb 2013
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 351 (111,745)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, New Zealand, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, ICTY, Human Rights, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha

14.

Digital Age Samaritans

Boston College Law Review, Volume 62, pages 1117-1192 (2021), U of Houston Law Center No. 2020-A-43
Number of pages: 76 Posted: 02 Dec 2020 Last Revised: 30 Apr 2021
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 346 (113,537)

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Criminal Law, Bad Samaritan Laws, Duty to Report, Duty to Rescue, Bystanders, Upstanders, Enablers, Digital Age, Social Media, Mobile Devices, Internet, Sexual Violence, Rape, Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Abuse, State Law, Federal Law, Punishment, Preve

15.

After Genocide

AFTER GENOCIDE: TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE, POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION, AND RECONCILIATION IN RWANDA AND BEYOND, pp. 1-19, Phil Clark & Zachary D. Kaufman, eds., Columbia University Press and C. Hurst & Co., 2009 (Re-published by Oxford University Press, 2013)
Number of pages: 19 Posted: 25 Aug 2011 Last Revised: 01 Mar 2014
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 333 (118,502)

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Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Conflict Resolution, Peace, Healing, Forgiveness, Truth, Revisionism, Memory, Rwanda, Darfur, DRC, Uganda, Africa, Kovoso, Genocide, Atrocities, Gacaca, ICTR, ICTY, ICC, International Law, International Criminal Law

16.

New UN Team Investigating ISIS Atrocities Raises Questions About Justice in Iraq and Beyond

Just Security, September 28, 2017
Number of pages: 6 Posted: 29 Sep 2017
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 309 (128,376)

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Transitional Justice, United Nations, ISIS, ISIL, Daesh, Da'esh, Iraq, Syria, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes against Humanity, Atrocities, Sexual Violence, United States, United Kingdom, Russia, China, Burma, Rohingya, Sovereignty, Responsibility to Protect, International Court, Hybrid Tribunal

17.

From the Aztecs to the Kalahari Bushmen -- Conservative Justices' Citation of Foreign Sources: Consistency, Inconsistency, or Evolution?

Yale Journal of International Law Online, Volume 41, 2015
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 05 Aug 2015 Last Revised: 24 Aug 2015
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 304 (130,660)
Citation 1

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U.S. Supreme Court, U.S. Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment, Precedent, Obergefell, Hodges, Foreign Sources, Foreign Law, International Law, Magna Carta, Marriage, Marriage Equality, Same-Sex Marriage, Family, Culture, Tradition, Capital Punishment, Death Penalty, Abortion, Sodomy, Greece

18.

Rwanda: Recent History (2013)

Africa South of the Sahara, pp. 984-92 (2012)
Number of pages: 9 Posted: 27 Oct 2012 Last Revised: 29 Oct 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 287

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

19.

Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Introduction

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE AGE OF ATROCITIES: CHANGING OUR WORLD, pp. 1-19, Zachary D. Kaufman, ed., Edward Elgar Publishing., 2012
Number of pages: 19 Posted: 21 Sep 2012 Last Revised: 25 Sep 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 274 (145,616)

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Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Human Rights, Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Conflict Resolution, Development, Peace-building, Growth, Africa, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Refugees, Orphans, AIDS

20.

Tensions in Transitional Justice

AFTER GENOCIDE: TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE, POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION, AND RECONCILIATION IN RWANDA AND BEYOND, pp. 381-391, Phil Clark & Zachary D. Kaufman, eds., Columbia University Press and C. Hurst & Co., 2009 (Re-published by Oxford University Press, 2013)
Number of pages: 11 Posted: 25 Aug 2011 Last Revised: 11 Jun 2013
Zachary D. Kaufman, Phil Clark and Kalypso A. Nicolaidis
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law, University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies and University of Oxford
Downloads 252 (158,471)

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Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Peace, Healing, Forgiveness, Truth, Memory, Rwanda, Genocide, Atrocities, Gacaca, ICTR, ICTY, ICC, United Nations Security Council, International Law, International Criminal Law, International Humanitarian Law

21.

Social Entrepreneurship in a Post-Genocide Society: Building Rwanda’s First Public Library, the Kigali Public Library

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE AGE OF ATROCITIES: CHANGING OUR WORLD, pp. 58-82, Zachary D. Kaufman, ed., Edward Elgar Publishing., 2012
Number of pages: 25 Posted: 21 Sep 2012 Last Revised: 25 Sep 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 239 (166,729)

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Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Human Rights, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Development, Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Rwandan Genocide, Kigali Public Library, Libraries, Education, Media, Rotary International, AFKPL, RCKV

22.

Transitional Justice Delayed Is Not Transitional Justice Denied: Contemporary Confrontation of Japanese Human Experimentation During World War II Through a People's Tribunal

Yale Law & Policy Review, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 645-659, 2008
Number of pages: 15 Posted: 09 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 237 (168,077)

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Transitional Justice, International Law, International Criminal Law, Japan, United States, U.S.S.R., China, Korea, Nazi Germany, Human Experimentation, Comfort Women, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, World War II, Cold War, ICC, ICTY, ICTR, United Nations, International Citizens' Tribunals

23.

Book Review: Naomi Roht-Arriaza, The Pinochet Effect: Transnational Justice in the Age of Human Rights

Yale Journal of International Law, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 297-300, 2006
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 20 Aug 2011 Last Revised: 08 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 227 (175,254)

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Naomi Roht-Arriaza, Augusto Pinochet, Slobodan Milosevic, Transnational Justice, Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Justice, Universal Jurisdiction, Alien Tort Statute, ICC, ICTR, ICTY, War Crimes Tribunals, Chile, International Law, International Criminal Law, International Humanitarian Law

24.

Rwanda: Recent History (2012)

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA 2012, pp. 993-1001, Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2011
Number of pages: 9 Posted: 13 Jan 2012 Last Revised: 01 Feb 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 226 (175,988)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanazania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

25.

The United States Role in the Establishment of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

AFTER GENOCIDE: TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE, POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION, AND RECONCILIATION IN RWANDA AND BEYOND, pp. 229-260, Phil Clark & Zachary D. Kaufman, eds., Columbia University Press and C. Hurst & Co., 2009 (Re-published by Oxford University Press, 2013)
Number of pages: 32 Posted: 25 Aug 2011 Last Revised: 11 Mar 2015
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 221 (179,674)

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Transitional Justice, War Crimes Tribunals, ICTR, ICTY, Rwanda, United States, U.S. Department of State, Russia, France, Spain, New Zealand, United Nations Security Council, Genocide, Atrocities, Cold War, International Law, International Criminal Law, International Humanitarian Law

26.

Transitional Justice for Tōjō's Japan: The United States Role in the Establishment of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and Other Transitional Justice Mechanisms for Japan after World War II

Emory International Law Review, Vol. 27, No. 2, 2013
Number of pages: 44 Posted: 14 Mar 2014 Last Revised: 25 Mar 2014
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 208 (190,225)

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International Law, International Criminal Law, Transitional Justice, War Crimes Prosecutions, Amnesty, Lustration, Tokyo Tribunal, International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Nuremberg Tribunal, International Criminal Court, World War II, Diplomacy, U.S. Foreign Policy, United States, Japan

27.

Give the Nobel Peace Prize Posthumously

Foreign Policy (2017)
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 05 Oct 2017 Last Revised: 06 Oct 2017
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 204 (193,645)

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Nobel, Nobel Prize, Nobel Peace Prize, Peace, Aung San Suu Kyi, Burma, Myanmar, Rohingya, Genocide, Terrorist, Terrorism, Hero, Heroism, Saint, Malala Yousafzai, Gandhi, Yasser Arafat, Henry Kissinger, Pulitzer, Medal of Honor, Incentive, Award, Prize, Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, Tony

28.

Rwanda: Recent History (2014)

Africa South of the Sahara 2014, pp. 980-88 (Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2013)
Number of pages: 9 Posted: 18 Dec 2013 Last Revised: 19 Dec 2013
Phil Clark and Zachary D. Kaufman
University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies and Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 200

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

29.

Emerging Voices: Zachary D. Kaufman on Social Entrepreneurship

Council on Foreign Relations, November 2012
Number of pages: 5 Posted: 01 Dec 2012 Last Revised: 03 Dec 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 171 (226,264)

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Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Human Rights, Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Conflict Resolution, Development, Peace-building, Growth, Africa, Rwanda, Sierra Leone

30.

Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Lessons Learned and Conclusion

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE AGE OF ATROCITIES: CHANGING OUR WORLD, pp. 189-221, Zachary D. Kaufman, ed., Edward Elgar Publishing., 2012
Number of pages: 33 Posted: 21 Sep 2012 Last Revised: 25 Sep 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 170 (227,387)

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Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Human Rights, Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Conflict Resolution, Development, Peace-building, Growth, Africa, Rwanda, Scalability, Management, Leadership

31.

Rwanda: Recent History (2015)

Africa South of the Sahara 2015, pp. 971-79 (Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2014)
Number of pages: 9 Posted: 13 Nov 2014 Last Revised: 24 Nov 2014
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 165 (233,222)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

32.

United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

Encyclopedia of Transitional Justice (Nadya Nedelsky & Lavinia Stan editors, 2nd edition) (Forthcoming)
Number of pages: 10 Posted: 11 Feb 2019 Last Revised: 12 Aug 2019
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 152 (249,839)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, New Zealand, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, ICTY, Human Rights, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha, MICT, ICC

33.

Jesner v. Arab Bank: U.S. Foreign Policy and National Security Interests

Just Security, 2017
Number of pages: 3 Posted: 11 Oct 2017
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 152 (249,839)

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Alien Tort Statute, Jesner v. Arab Bank, Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., U.S. Supreme Court, Terrorism, Terrorism Financing, Israel, Palestine, Palestinian Territories, West Bank, Gaza, Jordan, United States, Foreign Policy, National Security, International Law, Human Rights

34.

Appendix: Social Entrepreneurship Resources and Institutions

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE AGE OF ATROCITIES: CHANGING OUR WORLD, pp. 225-245, Zachary D. Kaufman, ed., Edward Elgar Publishing., 2012
Number of pages: 21 Posted: 25 Sep 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 149 (253,872)

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Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Human Rights, Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Conflict Resolution, Development, Peace-building, Foundations, Fellowships, Academia, Blogs, Conferences, Competitions, Networks

35.

Justice in Jeopardy: Accountability for the Darfur Atrocities

Criminal Law Forum, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 343-360, 2006
Number of pages: 18 Posted: 21 Aug 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 145 (259,452)

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Transitional Justice, Accountability, Deterrence, Darfur, Sudan, Rwanda, Arusha, Tanzania, Africa, Iraq, United States, U.S. foreign policy, Genocide, Atrocities, War Crimes Tribunals, ICC, ICTR, ICTY, United Nations Security Council, International Law, International Criminal Law

36.

The Rwandan Experience

RWANDA AND SOUTH AFRICA IN DIALOGUE: ADDRESSING THE LEGACIES OF GENOCIDE AND A CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY, pp.41-45, Charles Villa-Vicencio and Tyrone Savage, eds., Institute of Justice and Reconciliation, 2001.
Number of pages: 5 Posted: 13 Sep 2011 Last Revised: 14 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 140 (266,791)

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Transitional Justice, Retributive Justice, Restorative Justice, Retribution, Forgiveness, Rwanda, South Africa, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Rwandan Patriotic Front, Nuremberg Tribunal, Germany, Nazis, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide

37.

Rwanda: Recent History (2011)

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA 2011, pp. 977-985, Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2010
Number of pages: 9 Posted: 13 Sep 2011
Phil Clark and Zachary D. Kaufman
University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies and Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 133 (277,584)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanazania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

38.

Book Review: Designing Criminal Tribunals: Sovereignty and International Concerns in the Protection of Human Rights, by Steven D. Roper & Lilian A. Barria

Yale Human Rights and Development Law Journal, Vol. 10, pp. 209-214, 2007
Number of pages: 6 Posted: 07 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 126 (289,088)

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Transitional Justice, International Criminal Tribunals, War Crimes, Sovereignty, Human Rights, United Nations, ICTR, ICTY, SCSL, ECCC, SCPET, IHRC, Nuremberg Tribunal, Tokyo Tribunal, International Law, International Criminal Law, International Humanitarian Law

39.

Transitional Justice Delayed Is Not Transitional Justice Denied: Contemporary Confrontation of Japanese Human Experimentation During World War II Through a People’s Tribunal

PEOPLE'S TRIBUNALS, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND THE LAW: SEARCHING FOR JUSTICE 163-74 (Regina Menachery Paulose ed., 2020), U of Houston Law Center No. 2020-A-2
Number of pages: 25 Posted: 17 Jan 2020 Last Revised: 07 Apr 2020
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 125 (290,826)

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Japan, United States, human experimentation, people's tribunals, World War II, international law, international criminal law, transitional justice, genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, atrocity crimes, sexual abuse, rape, women, comfort women, International Criminal Court, ICC, ICTR, ICTY

40.

Balancing Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics: U.S. Policy-Making on Transitional Justice

Justice in Conflict, 2016
Number of pages: 5 Posted: 12 Nov 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 124 (292,577)

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Transitional Justice, Barack Obama, Donald Trump, Syria, Iraq, Genocide War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Atrocity, U.S. Foreign Policy, White House, Atrocities Prevention Board, PSD-10, International Criminal Court, ICC, Rome Statute, Truth Commissions, Truth and Reconciliation Commissions

41.

Preparing for Aggressive Congressional Investigations in 2013

Corporate Counsel, 2012
Number of pages: 5 Posted: 06 Jun 2012 Last Revised: 07 Jun 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman, K. Blalack and David Leviss
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law, affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN
Downloads 121 (297,803)

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congressional investigations, congressional oversight, U.S. Congress, U.S. House of Representatives, U.S. Senate, U.S. President, White House, Democratic party, Republican party, Barack Obama, Mitt Romney, George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, Ronald Reagan, Richard Nixon, O'Melveny & Myers

42.

Prod Bystanders to be 'Upstanders' like Darnella Frazier

Houston Chronicle, 2021
Number of pages: 3 Posted: 06 May 2021
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 99 (341,771)

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Bystanders, Upstanders, Heroes, Darnella Frazier, George Floyd, Derek Chauvin, Police Brutality, Police Killing, Save, Rescue, Protect, Rape, Sexual Assault, Child Abuse, Murder, Criminal Law, Bad Samaritan Laws, Duty To Report

43.

Rwanda: Recent History (2009)

Thomas Ofcansky, AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA 2009, pp. 924-931, Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2008
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 12 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 99 (341,771)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Kigali, Arusha, Refugees, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

44.

Comment (on Managing the Rule of Law in the Americas)

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review, Vol. 42, No. 3, 2011
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 10 Nov 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 95 (350,910)

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trade, trade agreements, regional trade agreements, human rights, rule of law, U.S. foreign policy, multilateralism, international trade, international arbitration, dispute resolution, corporate social responsibility, Latin America, Rwanda, China, United States, GATT, WTO, NAFTA, MERCOSUL, MERCOSUR

45.

Introduction: United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics

United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics (Oxford University Press). 2016
Number of pages: 29 Posted: 22 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 90 (363,035)

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Transitional Justice, International Justice, U.S. Foreign Policy, International Law, International Criminal Law, War Crimes Tribunals, International Criminal Court, ICC, Nuremberg Tribunal, IMT, Tokyo Tribunal, IMTFE, Rwanda Tribunal, ICTR, Yugoslav Tribunal, ICTY, War Crimes Prosecutions, Genocide

46.

Rwanda: Recent History (2010)

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA 2010, pp.968-976, Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2009
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 13 Sep 2011
Phil Clark and Zachary D. Kaufman
University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies and Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 90 (363,035)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Kigali, Arusha, Refugees, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

47.

Rwanda: Recent History (2008)

Thomas Ofcansky, AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA 2008, pp. 927-934, Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2007
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 12 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 89 (365,597)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Kigali, Arusha, Refugees, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

48.

Marshall Scholars' Public Service Projects Handbook

MARSHALL SCHOLARS' PUBLIC SERVICE PROJECTS HANDBOOK, Zachary D. Kaufman, ed., Association of Marshall Scholars, 2010
Number of pages: 19 Posted: 12 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 85 (376,040)

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Social Entrepreneurship, Public Service, Non-Profit Organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations, Marshall Scholars, Rhodes Scholars, Gates Scholars, Kigali Public Library, Education, Public Libraries, Public Schools, Darfur, Climate Change, United States, United Kingdom, India, Rwanda

49.

Rwanda: Recent History (2007)

Thomas Ofcansky, AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA 2007, pp. 935-942, Iain Frame, ed., Routledge, 2006
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 12 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 85 (376,040)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Kigali, Arusha, Refugees, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

50.

Preface to Roots in Jewish History: Suffering, Survival, Triumph

ROOTS IN JEWISH HISTORY: SUFFERING, SURVIVAL, TRIUMPH, pp.i-ii, Shalom Coleman, Coleman Literary Promotions, 2008
Number of pages: 2 Posted: 13 Sep 2011 Last Revised: 14 Sep 2011
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 84 (378,693)

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History, Religion, Judaism, Jews, Christianity, Judeo-Christian Values, Islam, Middle East, Darfur, Iraq, Shalom Coleman

51.

Bibliography: United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics

United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics (Oxford University Press). 271-317, 2016
Number of pages: 47 Posted: 22 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 83 (381,415)

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Transitional Justice, International Justice, U.S. Foreign Policy, International Law, International Criminal Law, War Crimes Tribunals, International Criminal Court, ICC, Nuremberg Tribunal, IMT, Tokyo Tribunal, IMTFE, Rwanda Tribunal, ICTR, Yugoslav Tribunal, ICTY, War Crimes Prosecutions, Genocide

52.

Testimony to the Belgian Parliament Regarding the Islamic State's Genocide Against the Yezidi

Belgian Parliament; Testimony Regarding Draft Resolution Document 55 1766/001; 2021
Number of pages: 7 Posted: 15 Jun 2021
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 79 (392,599)

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Criminal Law, International Law, International Criminal Law, Belgium, Yezidi, Yezidis, Yazidi, Yazidis, Genocide, Atrocity Crimes, Genocide Convention, Islamic State, Prosecution, Accountability, Terrorism, Foreign Terrorist Fighters, United Nations, International Criminal Court, Syria, Iraq, Rwanda

53.

Foreword to Spiritual Treasure

Spiritual Treasure, pp.v-vi (Andrew Blitz, Vivid Publishing, 2013)
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 23 Dec 2013
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 77 (398,449)

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Shalom Coleman, History, Religion, Judaism, Jews, Jewish History, Rabbi, Biography, Australia, South Africa, Rwanda, United Kingdom, United States, West Virginia, Rotary International, Kigali Public Library

54.

Afterword of United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics

UNITED STATES LAW AND POLICY ON TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: PRINCIPLES, POLITICS, AND PRAGMATICS (Oxford University Press)
Number of pages: 14 Posted: 28 Mar 2017
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 75 (404,356)

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Transitional Justice, International Justice, U.S. foreign policy, International Law, International Criminal Law, War crimes tribunals, International Criminal Court, ICC, Nuremberg Tribunal, IMT, Tokyo Tribunal, IMTFE, Rwanda Tribunal, ICTR, Yugoslav Tribunal, ICTY, War crimes prosecutions, Genocide

55.

Conclusion: United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics

United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics (Oxford University Press). 203-14 (Chapter 8), 2016
Number of pages: 16 Posted: 22 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 72 (413,544)

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Transitional Justice, International Justice, U.S. Foreign Policy, International Law, International Criminal Law, War Crimes Tribunals, International Criminal Court, ICC, Nuremberg Tribunal, IMT, Tokyo Tribunal, IMTFE, Rwanda Tribunal, ICTR, Yugoslav Tribunal, ICTY, War Crimes Prosecutions, Genocide

56.

Rwanda: Recent History (2016)

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA 2016, pp. 969-77 (Iain Frame ed., Routledge, 2015)
Number of pages: 5 Posted: 22 Jun 2018
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies
Downloads 65 (436,594)

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Transitional Justice, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Belgium, France, Sudan, Darfur, Hutu, Tutsi, United Nations, UN Security Council, ICTR, Gacaca, Human Rights, Genocide, Refugees, Kigali, Arusha, Paul Kagame, African Union, Elections

57.

Addressing the Islamic State's Genocide Against the Yezidi at the Belgian Parliament

Opinio Juris, 2021
Number of pages: 6 Posted: 24 Jun 2021
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 33 (575,383)

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Criminal Law, International Law, International Criminal Law, Belgium, Yezidi, Yezidis, Yazidi, Yazidis, Genocide, Genocide Convention, Islamic State, Prosecution, Accountability, Terrorism, Foreign Terrorist Fighters, United Nations, International Criminal Court, Rwanda, Syria, Iraq

58.

United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics

United States Law and Policy on Transitional Justice: Principles, Politics, and Pragmatics (Oxford University Press, 2016)
Posted: 21 Apr 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law

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Transitional Justice, U.S. Foreign Policy, International Law, International Criminal Law, War Crimes Tribunals, International Criminal Court, ICC, Nuremberg Tribunal, IMT, Tokyo Tribunal, IMTFE, Rwanda Tribunal, ICTR, Gacaca, Yugoslav Tribunal, ICTY, War Crimes Prosecutions, Genocide, Atrocities

59.

Social Entrepreneurship in the Age of Atrocities: Changing Our World

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE AGE OF ATROCITIES: CHANGING OUR WORLD, Zachary D. Kaufman, ed., Edward Elgar Publishing., 2012
Posted: 21 Sep 2012 Last Revised: 25 Sep 2012
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law

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Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, Atrocities, Genocide, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Human Rights, Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Conflict Resolution, Development, Peace-building, Growth, Africa, Rwanda, Scalability, Leadership, Management

60.

After Genocide: Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, and Reconciliation in Rwanda and Beyond

AFTER GENOCIDE: TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE, POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION, AND RECONCILIATION IN RWANDA AND BEYOND, Phil Clark & Zachary D. Kaufman, eds., Columbia University Press and C. Hurst & Co., 2009 (Re-published by Oxford University Press, 2013)
Posted: 28 Aug 2011 Last Revised: 21 Feb 2014
Zachary D. Kaufman and Phil Clark
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Oxford - Centre for Socio-Legal Studies

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Transitional Justice, Post-Conflict Reconstruction, Reconciliation, Conflict Resolution, Peace, Healing, Forgiveness, Truth, Revisionism, Memory, Rwanda, Darfur, DRC, Uganda, Africa, Kovoso, Genocide, Atrocities, Gacaca, ICTR, ICTY, ICC, International Law, International Criminal Law

Other Papers (9)

Total Downloads: 1,503
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1.

Islam is (Also) a Religion of Peace

Foreign Policy, 2016
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 05 Aug 2016 Last Revised: 30 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 340

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Islam, Muslims, Islamophobia, Judaism, Jews, Christianity, Christian, Quran, Koran, Donald Trump, Holocaust, Rwanda, Rwandan Genocide, Humayun Khan, Albert Einstein, Hero, Heroism, Rescue, Rescuer, Terrorism, Terrorist, September 11

2.

What Makes People Save Lives? Learning from Upstanders and Bystanders

New York Daily News, 2020
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 28 Oct 2020
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 339

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bystanders, upstanders, heroes, villains, Kitty Genovese, Sophia Farrar, Paul Rusesabagina, Rwanda, Syria, Genocide, Rwandan Genocide, Holocaust, Hotel Rwanda, White Helmets, save, rescue, protect, rape, murder, criminal law, Bad Samaritan laws, punishment, prevention, deterrence, incentives, metoo

3.

When Sexual Abuse Is Common Knowledge - But Nobody Speaks Up

Boston Globe
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 06 Aug 2018 Last Revised: 24 Jun 2019
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 246

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sexual violence, rape, sexual misconduct, sexual abuse, criminal law, criminal procedure, torts, tort law, Bad Samaritan laws, duty to report, state law, federal law, foreign law, comparative law, bystanders, upstanders, punishment, prevention, deterrence, incentives, mass incarceration, metoo

4.

No Cover for Abusers; California Must Close Gap in its Duty-to-Report Law

San Francisco Chronicle (2019)
Number of pages: 3 Posted: 24 Jun 2019 Last Revised: 10 Aug 2020
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 207

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sexual violence, rape, sexual misconduct, sexual abuse, criminal law, criminal procedure, Bad Samaritan laws, duty to report, state law, bystanders, upstanders, punishment, prevention, deterrence, incentives, metoo, California, Harvey Weinstein, Sherrice Iverson, Jason Strohmeyer, David Cash

5.

Term Limits at Home and Abroad

Harvard University - John F. Kennedy School of Government - Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, June 30, 2016
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 10 Aug 2016 Last Revised: 28 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 86

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Terms, Term Limits, U.S. Supreme Court, U.S. Congress, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, Mayor, Governor, Vice President, President, Antonin Scalia, Barack Obama, Michael Bloomberg, Paul Kagame, George Washington, United States, Rwanda, Burundi, Australia, Canada, England, France, Germany

6.

Transitions in Transitional Justice

Oxford University Press Blog, July 17, 2016
Number of pages: 3 Posted: 10 Aug 2016 Last Revised: 28 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 77

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Transitional Justice, International Justice, International Law, International Criminal Law, War Crimes Tribunals, International Criminal Court, ICC, UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, ICTR, Rwanda, Rwandan Genocide, Extraordinary African Chambers, Senegal, Chad, Nuremberg Tribunal

7.

It'll Take More than Political Rhetoric to Stop Genocide

Forbes, May 10, 2016
Number of pages: 4 Posted: 08 Aug 2016 Last Revised: 28 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 72

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Transitional Justice, ISIS, ISIL, Daesh, Islamic State, Atrocity, Atrocities, Genocide, Crimes Against Humanity, Darfur, John Kerry, Colin Powell, Barack Obama, Bashar al-Assad, Democrat, Republican, White House, Atrocities Prevention Board, APB, Atrocity Prevention, United States, Syria

8.

Laws Needed to Encourage Assisting Those in Peril

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 2021
Number of pages: 3 Posted: 03 Nov 2021
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
Downloads 68

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bystanders, upstanders, Fiston Ngoy, Catherine Genovese, Kitty Genovese, Winston Moseley, save, rescue, protect, aid, assist, rape, murder, Criminal Law, Bad Samaritan laws, duty to report, duty to rescue, Good Samaritan, punishment, prevention, deterrence, incentives

9.

Addressing Japanese Atrocities

Oxford University Press Blog, April 11, 2016
Number of pages: 3 Posted: 10 Aug 2016 Last Revised: 28 Aug 2016
Zachary D. Kaufman
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law
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Transitional Justice, World War II, Cold War, Japan, United States, China, South Korea, Korea, Soviet Union, USSR, Human Experimentation, Biological Weapons, Shinzo Abe, Shiro Ishii, Josef Mengele, Sexual Slavery, Unit 731, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, Aggression, Auschwitz