Abstract:

international trade, regulation, product standards, post-modernism, precautionary principle, regulatory coherence, regulatory cooperation, international relations, US-EU relations

Abstract:

UNCLOS, UN Law of the Sea Convention, UNEP MEAs, regional seas agreements, 1994 Implementing Agreement, environmental regulation, land & air-based sources of pollution, functional versus territorial sovereignty, International Seabed Authority, ITLOS, US congress, cost-benefit analysis, US Navy

Abstract:

BPCIA, biologic drug, data exclusivity, market exclusivity, unfair competition, unauthorized use, trade secret, confidential information, proprietary information, clinical testing data, KORUS-FTA, TPPA, patent linkage, congressional debate, regulatory risk, BRICS, generic drug, Hatch-Waxman

Abstract:

WTO, TBT Agreement, SPS Agreement, GATT 1994, NTB, NTM, technical regulation, environment, food safety, PPMs, precautionary principle, risk assessment, EU REACH, US-Clove Cigarettes, US-Tuna II (Mexico), US-COOL, Brazil–Retreaded Tyres, EC–Asbestos, EC-Sardines, US-Shrimp

Abstract:

UNCLOS, ITLOS, advisory opinion, states sponsoring deep seabed mining, legal obligations, precautionary approach, outer-continental shelf, US Department of Interior regulations, US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration regulations, OCSLA, DSHMRA, customary international law, sovereignty

Abstract:

investors, innovations, regulatory and policy risk, compulsory licensing, patent-free, royalty-free, standards, government procurement, eGovernment, disguised trade barrier, interoperability, open standards, public interest, anti-competition, Brazil, China, India, Russia, South Africa, EU

Abstract:

investors, high technology innovations, regulatory and policy risk, compulsory licensing, patent-free and royalty-free ICT standards, government procurement, eGovernment services, disguised trade barrier, interoperability, open standards, public interest, anti-competition, Brazil, China, India, EU

Abstract:

cloud computing, data privacy, cross-border, disguised protectionism, internet, economic growth, job creation, digital transfer, personal data, business data, data security, national security, data flow restrictions, accountability approach, adequacy approach

Abstract:

Abstract:

Clean Water Act, WOTUS, Prior Converted Cropland, Commenced Conversions, Food Security Act of 1985, USDA-ASCS, EPA, USACE, DOI-FWS, National Wildlife Federation, Ducks Unlimited, Inc., Private Property Rights Violated, 5th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, Regulatory Taking, Administrative State

Abstract:

technical regulation, international standard, WHO Code, legitimate public policy objectives, fulfillment of policy objectives, more trade-restrictive than necessary to achieve policy objectives, least trade-restrictive alternative reasonably available, risks non-fulfillment would create

Abstract:

sustainability, new deal federalism, anti-new deal federalism, U.S. Supreme Court, White House, attenuated private property rights

Abstract:

SPS measure, direct short-term risks, indirect long-term risks, FAO risk assessment, international Codex standards, WHO Code, infant formula, marketing & advertising restrictions, labeling restrictions, scientific evidence, precautionary principle, least trade-restrictive alternative

Abstract:

Abstract:

legitimate public policy objectives, negative trademark rights, positive trademark rights, trademark owner's legitimate interests, justifiable encumbrance, more trademark encumbering than necessary, more trade-restrictive than necessary, risks that non-fulfillment would create

Abstract:

technical regulation, legitimate public policy objective, fulfillment of the objective, more trade-restrictive than necessary to fulfill the objective, least trade-restrictive alternative reasonably available, risks non-fulfillment would create

Abstract:

'WOTUS,' prior converted cropland exclusion, clean water act section 404, USEPA, US Army Corps, Obama, Trump, economic freedom, family farms, US agriculture, national security, ag jobs, private property, over-regulation, over-enforcement, regulation without representation, US constitution

Abstract:

legitimate public policy objectives, negative trademark rights, positive trademark rights, trademark owner's legitimate interests, justifiable encumbrance, more trademark encumbering than necessary, more trade-restrictive than necessary, risks that non-fulfillment would create

Abstract:

wetlands, plain text meaning, 1977 clean water act, food security act of 1985, converted wetland, commenced conversion, prior converted cropland, legislative history, agency-made law, congressional intent, chevron deference, auer deference, 404-dredge-and-fill-permit, federal jurisdiction, WOTUS

Abstract:

prior converted cropland, commenced conversion, food security act of 1985, clean water act section 404, wetlands, ducks unlimited, inc., national wildlife federation, regulatory juggernaut, United States v. Brace, anti-cropland campaign, activist regulators, activist interest groups, WOTUS

Abstract:

wetlands, great lakes states, soil erosion, nonpoint source pollution, great lakes water quality agreement, Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Compact, precautionary principle, european sustainable development, socialism, Michigan, NREPA