Eric C. So

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management

Associate Professor

100 Main Street

E62-416

Cambridge, MA 02142

United States

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

30

DOWNLOADS
Rank 782

SSRN RANKINGS

Top 782

in Total Papers Downloads

57,517

TOTAL CITATIONS
Rank 1,985

SSRN RANKINGS

Top 1,985

in Total Papers Citations

574

Scholarly Papers (30)

1.

Core Earnings: New Data and Evidence

Harvard Business School Accounting & Management Unit Working Paper No. 20-047, October 2019, Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 71 Posted: 11 Oct 2019 Last Revised: 24 Nov 2020
Harvard Business School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Harvard University - Business School (HBS)
Downloads 11,439 (939)
Citation 14

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Core Earnings, Transitory Earnings, Non-Operating Earnings, Quantitative Disclosures, Equity Valuation, Big Data

2.

Losing is Optional: Retail Option Trading and Expected Announcement Volatility

Number of pages: 67 Posted: 29 Mar 2022 Last Revised: 15 Jan 2025
Tim de Silva, Kevin Smith and Eric C. So
Stanford University, Stanford University Graduate School of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 5,636 (3,094)
Citation 2

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Retail trading, option pricing, earnings announcements, volatility

3.

Identifying Expectation Errors in Value/Glamour Strategies: A Fundamental Analysis Approach

Review of Financial Studies (RFS), 25(9): 2841-2875
Number of pages: 47 Posted: 08 Feb 2011 Last Revised: 08 Oct 2013
Joseph D. Piotroski and Eric C. So
Stanford Graduate School of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 5,322 (3,450)
Citation 52

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Financial Statement Analysis, value, glamour, market efficiency, expectation errors

4.

News-Driven Return Reversals: Liquidity Provision Ahead of Earnings Announcements

Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 38 Posted: 09 Jun 2013 Last Revised: 14 Jun 2014
Eric C. So and Sean Wang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Southern Methodist University (SMU) - Accounting Department
Downloads 3,751 (6,216)
Citation 58

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5.

Time Will Tell: Information in the Timing of Scheduled Earnings News

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis (JFQA), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 51 Posted: 18 Aug 2014 Last Revised: 01 Jul 2017
Travis L. Johnson and Eric C. So
The University of Texas at Austin and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 3,600 (6,630)
Citation 6

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Anomaly, returns, earnings announcements, strategic reporting, timing

6.

Evaluating Firm-Level Expected-Return Proxies: Implications for Estimating Treatment Effects

Harvard Business School Accounting & Management Unit Working Paper No. 15-022, Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University Working Paper No. 197, Stanford University Graduate School of Business Research Paper No. 15-57, The Review of Financial Studies (RFS), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 79 Posted: 06 Aug 2010 Last Revised: 03 Mar 2021
Foster School of Business, University of Washington, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Harvard University - Business School (HBS)
Downloads 2,611 (11,049)
Citation 40

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Expected returns, expected return proxies, measurement errors, treatment effects

7.

Financial Reporting and Consumer Behavior

Jacobs Levy Equity Management Center for Quantitative Financial Research Paper
Number of pages: 60 Posted: 28 Sep 2021 Last Revised: 16 Aug 2024
Suzie Noh, Eric C. So and Christina Zhu
Stanford Graduate School of Business, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School
Downloads 2,500 (11,912)
Citation 4

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financial reporting, earnings announcements, media, consumers, limited attention, earnings surprise, big data JEL Classification: G10, G11, G12, G14, G40, G41

8.

The Option to Stock Volume Ratio and Future Returns

Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), 106(2): 262-286 (November 2012)
Number of pages: 61 Posted: 25 Jul 2010 Last Revised: 05 May 2020
Travis L. Johnson and Eric C. So
The University of Texas at Austin and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 1,913 (18,205)
Citation 32

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Options, Volume, Microstructure, Short Sale Costs

9.

A New Approach to Predicting Analyst Forecast Errors: Do Investors Overweight Analyst Forecasts?

Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), 108(3): 615-640 (June 2013)
Number of pages: 58 Posted: 23 Feb 2011 Last Revised: 07 Jun 2013
Eric C. So
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 1,702 (21,804)
Citation 30

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Analysts, Foreast Errors, Abnormal Returns

10.

Expectations Management and Stock Returns

Review of Financial Studies [33(10): 4580–4626 (October 2020)]
Number of pages: 61 Posted: 09 Nov 2016 Last Revised: 28 Dec 2020
Travis L. Johnson, Jinhwan Kim and Eric C. So
The University of Texas at Austin, Stanford Graduate School of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 1,585 (24,290)
Citation 18

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Returns, Anomalies, Expectations Management, Seasonalities, Announcement Premia

11.

Fee the People: Retail Investor Behavior and Trading Commission Fees

MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 6801-22
Number of pages: 68 Posted: 28 Sep 2022 Last Revised: 04 Jun 2023
Haas School of Business - UC Berkeley, University of California, Berkeley - Haas School of Business, Reichman University - Arison School of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 1,491 (26,625)

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Retail investors, trading activity, behavioral finance

12.

Going by the Book: Valuation Ratios and Stock Returns

Number of pages: 55 Posted: 27 Sep 2021 Last Revised: 23 May 2023
Boston College - Carroll School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Harvard University - Business School (HBS)
Downloads 1,339 (31,237)
Citation 3

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Valuation; Market-to-book ratio; Value investing; Excess comovement

13.

Anatomy of Trading Costs for Retail Investors: Savings from Off-Exchange Execution

Number of pages: 44 Posted: 06 Dec 2021
University of Texas at Austin - McCombs School of Business, The University of Texas at Austin, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 1,324 (31,795)
Citation 2

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14.

Calendar Rotations: A New Approach for Studying the Impact of Timing using Earnings Announcements

Journal of Financial Economics 140 (3), 865-893
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 28 Oct 2019 Last Revised: 29 Sep 2021
Suzie Noh, Eric C. So and Rodrigo S. Verdi
Stanford Graduate School of Business, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Downloads 1,272 (33,677)
Citation 2

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15.
Downloads 1,233 (35,203)
Citation 78

Analysts’ Forecasts and Asset Pricing: A Survey

Number of pages: 46 Posted: 16 Mar 2016
S.P. Kothari, Eric C. So and Rodrigo S. Verdi
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Downloads 1,233 (34,621)
Citation 78

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Analysts’ Forecasts and Asset Pricing: A Survey

Annual Review of Financial Economics, Vol. 8, pp. 197-219, 2016
Posted: 18 Nov 2016
S.P. Kothari, Eric C. So and Rodrigo S. Verdi
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

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16.

A Simple Multimarket Measure of Information Asymmetry

Management Science 64 (2018), 1055-1080
Number of pages: 52 Posted: 27 Nov 2012 Last Revised: 17 Oct 2018
Travis L. Johnson and Eric C. So
The University of Texas at Austin and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 1,064 (43,656)
Citation 18

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Information asymmetry, PIN, informed trade, options, microstructure, bid-ask spreads, volatility

17.

Investor Corporate Visits and Expected Returns

Number of pages: 44 Posted: 08 Jan 2021 Last Revised: 19 Dec 2023
Eric C. So, Rongfei Wang and Ran Zhang
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management, China Investment Corporation (CIC) and Renmin University of China - School of Business
Downloads 984 (48,716)

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Investor corporate visits , Information arbitrage, Expected returns, Return predictability

18.

Voluntary and Mandatory Disclosures: Do Managers View Them as Substitutes?

Journal of Accounting & Economics (JAE), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 44 Posted: 23 Mar 2017 Last Revised: 28 Sep 2021
Suzie Noh, Eric C. So and Joseph Weber
Stanford Graduate School of Business, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 929 (52,712)
Citation 47

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19.
Downloads 913 (54,116)
Citation 16

Measuring Risk Information

Stanford University Graduate School of Business Research Paper No. 3519543
Number of pages: 63 Posted: 07 Feb 2020 Last Revised: 16 Apr 2021
Kevin Smith and Eric C. So
Stanford University Graduate School of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 913 (53,291)
Citation 16

Abstract:

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risk information, option prices, earnings announcements, volatility forecasting

Measuring Risk Information

Journal of Accounting Research, Volume 60, Issue 2, 2022, Stanford University Graduate School of Business Research Paper No. 4129228, MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 6881-22
Posted: 11 Oct 2022 Last Revised: 14 May 2023
Kevin Smith and Eric C. So
Stanford University Graduate School of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management

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risk uncertainty, earnings announcements, implied volatility, cost of capital, risk disclosure

Asymmetric Trading Costs Prior to Earnings Announcements: Implications for Price Discovery and Returns

Journal of Accounting Research, Vol. 56, No. 1, 2018
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 02 Apr 2014 Last Revised: 17 Oct 2018
Travis L. Johnson and Eric C. So
The University of Texas at Austin and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 859 (57,941)
Citation 15

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Earnings announcements, announcement premia, liquidity, market making, intermediaries

Asymmetric Trading Costs Prior to Earnings Announcements: Implications for Price Discovery and Returns

Journal of Accounting Research, Vol. 56, No. 1, 2018
Posted: 05 May 2018
Travis L. Johnson and Eric C. So
The University of Texas at Austin and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management

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Earnings Announcements; Liquidity Provision; Transaction Costs; Announcement Returns; Risk Premia; Bad News; Asymmetric Reaction

21.

Box Jumping: Portfolio Recompositions to Achieve Higher Morningstar Ratings

Number of pages: 63 Posted: 15 Oct 2024 Last Revised: 07 Jan 2025
Lauren Cohen, David S. Kim and Eric C. So
Harvard University - Business School (HBS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 840 (60,594)

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Strategic Behavior, Mutual Fund Benchmarks, Performance Management, Investor Protection, Morningstar

22.

Non-Diversifiable Volatility Risk and Risk Premiums at Earnings Announcements

Accounting Review, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 51 Posted: 07 Jul 2010 Last Revised: 20 Oct 2014
Mary E. Barth and Eric C. So
Stanford University - Graduate School of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 840 (60,504)
Citation 14

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Earnings announcements, volatility risk, non-diversifiable risk, option pricing

23.

Uncovering Expected Returns: Information in Analyst Coverage Proxies

Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 43 Posted: 27 Jan 2016 Last Revised: 16 Jun 2016
Charles M.C. Lee and Eric C. So
Foster School of Business, University of Washington and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 839 (60,717)
Citation 29

Abstract:

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expected returns, analysts, mispricing

24.

Flight-To-Earnings: The Role of Earnings in Periods of Capital Scarcity

Forthcoming at Management Science
Number of pages: 53 Posted: 10 Mar 2017 Last Revised: 03 Mar 2022
Cornell University - Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 806 (63,966)
Citation 1

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Earnings Reaction, Capital Scarcity, Levered Trading

25.

Boardroom Centrality and Firm Performance

Journal of Accounting & Economics (JAE), 55(2-3): 225-250 (April-May 2013), Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University Working Paper No. 84
Number of pages: 56 Posted: 31 Jul 2010 Last Revised: 11 Mar 2016
Stanford Graduate School of Business, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Harvard University - Business School (HBS)
Downloads 660 (82,856)
Citation 42

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board of director networks, analyst forecasts, market efficiency

26.

Analyst Initiations of Coverage and Stock Return Synchronicity

Accounting Review, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 44 Posted: 26 Apr 2012
University of Houston, Ohio State University (OSU) - Fisher College of Business and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 646 (85,145)
Citation 41

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Stock Return Synchronicity, Financial Analysts, Analyst Initiations

27.

Bad News Bearers: The Negative Tilt of the Financial Press

Number of pages: 57 Posted: 09 Aug 2018 Last Revised: 09 Oct 2024
Betty Liu, Marina Niessner and Eric C. So
Indiana University - Kelley School of Business - Department of Accounting, Indiana University - Kelley School of Business - Department of Finance and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 583 (97,125)
Citation 8

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28.

Conflicts of Interest in Subscriber-Paid Credit Ratings

Journal of Accounting & Economics (JAE), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 58 Posted: 21 Oct 2021 Last Revised: 14 Jun 2023
Pennsylvania State University - Department of Accounting, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management, University of Florida and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 373 (165,207)
Citation 1

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Credit Ratings, Issuer-Pay Model, Subscriber-Pay Model, NRSRO, Information Intermediaries

29.

Disclosure and the Option Value of Equity

Number of pages: 40 Posted: 24 Nov 2011 Last Revised: 10 Dec 2013
Eric C. So
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 332 (187,634)
Citation 1

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30.

Odd Lots & Optics: Manipulation in Response to Scrutiny

MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 7070-24
Number of pages: 48 Posted: 10 Jul 2024
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Economics, Finance, Accounting (EFA), Students, University of Chicago - Booth School of Business, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Downloads 131 (449,955)

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trading activity, voluntary disclosure, retail investors, scrutiny, manipulation, intermediation