Michal Gal

University of Haifa - Faculty of Law

Mount Carmel

Haifa, 31905

Israel

http://weblaw.haifa.ac.il/en/faculty/gal/pages/home.aspx

  • University of Haifa - Faculty of Law

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

40

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  • University of Haifa - Faculty of Law

Scholarly Papers (40)

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1.

Algorithmic Consumers

Harvard Journal of Law and Technology, Vol. 30, 2017
Number of pages: 45 Posted: 29 Nov 2016 Last Revised: 06 Apr 2017
Michal Gal and Niva Elkin-Koren
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 1,492 (11,346)

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artificial intelligence, algorithms, regulation, antitrust

2.

The Ecology of Antitrust: Preconditions for Competition Law Enforcement in Developing Countries

COMPETITION, COMPETITIVENESS AND DEVELOPMENT, pp. 20-38, 2004
Number of pages: 23 Posted: 17 Feb 2005
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 1,372 (12,999)
Citation 4

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antitrust, competition policy, economic development, political economy

3.

The Hidden Costs of Free Goods: Implications for Antitrust Enforcement

Antitrust Law Journal , Vol. 80, No. 401, 2016, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 2529425, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 14-44
Number of pages: 59 Posted: 23 Nov 2014 Last Revised: 08 Oct 2017
Michal Gal and Daniel L. Rubinfeld
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of California at Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,044 (19,708)

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free, free goods, antitrust, regulation

4.

Monopoly Pricing as an Antitrust Offense in the U.S. And the EC: Two Systems of Belief About Monopoly?

Antitrust Bulletin, Vol. 49, pp. 343-384, Spring 2004
Number of pages: 53 Posted: 07 Apr 2005
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 1,003 (20,956)
Citation 6

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5.

Algorithmic Challenges to Autonomous Choice

Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review, 2017
Number of pages: 40 Posted: 23 May 2017 Last Revised: 08 Oct 2017
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 899 (24,699)

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algorithm, autonomy, choice, consent, intent, technology

6.

Size Does Matter: General Policy Prescriptions for Optimal Competition Rules in Small Economies

Southern California Law Review, Vol. 73, 2001, NYU Ctr for Law and Business Research Paper No. 01-004
Number of pages: 68 Posted: 17 Apr 2001 Last Revised: 19 Jul 2010
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 770 (30,566)
Citation 5

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7.

Access Barriers to Big Data

59 Arizona Law Review 339 (2017)
Number of pages: 47 Posted: 29 Aug 2016 Last Revised: 08 Oct 2017
Daniel L. Rubinfeld and Michal Gal
University of California at Berkeley - School of Law and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 668 (37,086)

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big data, entry barriers

8.

Abuse of Dominance - Exploitative Abuses

in HANDBOOK ON EUROPEAN COMPETITION LAW (Lianos and Geradin eds., Edward Elgar, 2013), Chapter 9, pp. 385-422
Number of pages: 32 Posted: 12 Mar 2015
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 480 (56,888)

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Antitrust, competition law, exploitative abuses, excessive prices

9.

Algorithms as Illegal Agreements

Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 45 Posted: 16 May 2018
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 452 (61,279)

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Algorithms, Illegal Agreements, Facilitating Practices, Competition, Competition Law, Antitrust, Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning

10.

Regional Competition Law Agreements: An Important Step for Antitrust Enforcement

University of Toronto Faculty of Law Review, Vol. 60, p. 239, 2010, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 09-47
Number of pages: 25 Posted: 14 Nov 2009 Last Revised: 08 Oct 2017
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 427 (65,636)

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11.

Below-Cost Price Alignment: Meeting or Beating Competition?

NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 07-20, European Competition Law Review (ECLR), Vol. 28, No. 6, 2007
Number of pages: 15 Posted: 12 Jul 2007
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 425 (66,024)

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12.

Drafting Competition Law for Developing Jurisdictions: Learning from Experience

Economic Characteristics of Developing Jurisdictions: Their Implications for Competition Law, Edward Elgar, 2014, Forthcoming, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 14-11
Number of pages: 69 Posted: 16 Apr 2014 Last Revised: 20 Mar 2015
Michal Gal and Eleanor M. Fox
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and New York University School of Law
Downloads 365 (79,043)

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13.

The 'Cut and Paste' of Article 82 of the EC Treaty in Israel: Conditions for a Successful Transplant

European Journal of Law Reform, Vol. 9, No. 3, 2007, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 08-03
Number of pages: 19 Posted: 15 Jan 2008
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 343 (84,936)
Citation 1

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14.

Reality Bites (or Bits): The Political Economy of Antitrust Enforcement

INTERNATIONAL ANTITRUST LAW AND POLICY, p. 605, Barry Hawk, ed., Juris Publishing, 2002, NYU, Law and Economics Research Paper No. 06-22
Number of pages: 14 Posted: 11 May 2006
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 321 (91,474)

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15.

The Effects of Smallness and Remoteness on Competition Law - the Case of New Zealand

NYU, Law and Economics Research Paper No. 06-48, Competition and Consumer Law Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3, 2007
Number of pages: 29 Posted: 05 Nov 2006
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 313 (94,047)
Citation 2

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16.

The Chilling Effect of Governance-by-Data on Innovation

University of Chicago Law Review, Vol. 86, 2018
Number of pages: 25 Posted: 30 Jul 2018 Last Revised: 25 Nov 2018
Niva Elkin-Koren and Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 288 (103,287)

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data, governance, big data, algorithm, enforcement, privacy, personalized law

17.

The Social Contract at the Basis of Competition Law

Forthcoming, Competition Policy: between Equity and Efficiency (Lianos and Gerard eds., Cambridge University Press, 2017)
Number of pages: 21 Posted: 09 Aug 2017
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 283 (104,828)

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antitrust, competition law, social contract, inequality, welfare, total welfare, individual welfare

18.

Reducing Rivals Prices: Government-Supported Mavericks as New Solutions for Oligopoly Pricing

Stanford Journal of Law, Business, and Finance, Vol. 7, 2001, NYU, Law and Economics Working Paper No. 99-016; and Columbia Law School, Law-Econ Working Paper No. 163
Number of pages: 30 Posted: 30 May 2000 Last Revised: 19 Jul 2010
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 282 (105,241)

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19.

Regulation by Declaration: A Novel Regulatory Mechanism to Limit Abuse of Monopoly Power

New York University Journal of Law and Business, Vol. 2, p. 404, 2006, NYU, Law and Economics Research Paper No. 06-14
Number of pages: 26 Posted: 10 May 2006
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 260 (114,618)

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20.

Extra-Territorial Application of Antitrust - The Case of a Small Economy (Israel)

COOPERATION, COMITY, AND COMPETITION POLICY, Andrew Guzman, ed., Oxford University Press, 2009, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 09-03
Number of pages: 22 Posted: 29 Jan 2009
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 256 (116,492)
Citation 1

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21.

Antitrust in High-Technology Industries: A Symposium Introduction

Journal of Competition Law and Economics, 2012, Loyola University Chicago School of Law Research Paper No. 2012-015
Number of pages: 9 Posted: 18 Jul 2012
Michal Gal and Spencer Weber Waller
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and Loyola University of Chicago, School of Law - Institute for Consumer Antitrust Studies
Downloads 242 (123,371)

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antitrust, high-tech, high technology, innovation, intellectual property, network effects, Schumpeter, synamic efficiency, search neutrality, open source, market definition, behavioral economics, remedies, reverse payments, monopolization, abuse of dominance

22.

Free Movement of Judgments: Increasing Deterrence of International Cartels Though Jurisdictional Reliance

Virginia Journal of International Law, Vol. 51(1), 57, 2010, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 08-44
Number of pages: 37 Posted: 30 Oct 2008 Last Revised: 08 Oct 2017
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 233 (128,201)
Citation 2

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23.

Harmful Remedies: Optimal Reformation of Anti-Competitive Contracts

Downloads 231 (129,310)
Citation 1

Harmful Remedies: Optimal Reformation of Anti-Competitive Contracts

NYU, Law and Economics Working Paper No. 99-017; and Columbia Law School, Law-Econ Working Paper No. 162
Number of pages: 44 Posted: 04 May 1999
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 231 (128,820)
Citation 1

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Harmful Remedies: Optimal Reformation of Anti-Competitive Contracts

Cardozo Law Review
Posted: 21 Jun 2002
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law

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24.

Aggregate Concentration: An Empirical Study of Competition Law Solutions

Journal of Antitrust Enforcement (September 2016), University of Hong Kong Faculty of Law Research Paper No. 2016/030
Number of pages: 44 Posted: 19 Sep 2016 Last Revised: 20 Jan 2018
Michal Gal and Thomas K. Cheng
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and The University of Hong Kong - Faculty of Law
Downloads 226 (132,093)

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aggregate concentration, concentration, antitrust, competition, competition law, oligopolistic coordination, bargaining power, abuse of bargaining power

25.

Merger Policy for Small and Micro Jurisdictions

More Pros and Cons of Merger Policy (2013)
Number of pages: 34 Posted: 19 Jan 2013
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 210 (141,736)
Citation 1

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antitrust, competition law, merger, small economies, micro economies

26.

The Follower Phenomenon: Implications for the Design of Monopolization Rules in a Global Economy

Antitrust Law Journal, Vol. 76, No. 3, 2010
Number of pages: 30 Posted: 21 Jul 2010
Jorge Padilla and Michal Gal
Compass Lexecon and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 199 (149,031)

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antitrust, competition, transplant of laws

27.

Data Standardization

94 NYU Law Review (2019) Forthcoming
Number of pages: 29 Posted: 14 Feb 2019
Michal Gal and Daniel L. Rubinfeld
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of California at Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 179 (164,161)

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28.

When the Going Gets Tight: Institutional Solutions When Antitrust Enforcement Resources are Scarce

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal, Vol. 41, 2010
Number of pages: 25 Posted: 21 Jul 2010
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 177 (165,784)
Citation 1

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29.

The Power of the Crowd in the Sharing Economy

Law and Ethics of Human Rights (2018)
Number of pages: 22 Posted: 11 Apr 2018
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 165 (176,384)

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sharing economy, crowd, platforms, competition law, regulation

30.

Patent Challenge Clauses: A New Antitrust Offense?

Iowa Law Review, Vol. 102, No. 4, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 13 Dec 2016 Last Revised: 18 Jun 2018
Michal Gal and Alan D. Miller
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 164 (177,266)

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Patents, Challenge Clauses, Antitrust, Actavis, Patent Validity, Licensing

31.

Viral Open Source: Competition vs. Synergy

Journal of Competition Law and Economics, September 2012.
Number of pages: 36 Posted: 02 Jan 2012 Last Revised: 22 Oct 2013
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 153 (187,999)

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open source, virality, competition, synergy, dynamic efficiency

32.

Expansion and Contraction in Monopolization Law

Antitrust Law Journal , Vol. 76, No. 3, p. 653, 2010
Number of pages: 10 Posted: 27 Jun 2010
Michal Gal, Avishalom Tor and Spencer Weber Waller
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law, Notre Dame Law School and Loyola University of Chicago, School of Law - Institute for Consumer Antitrust Studies
Downloads 146 (195,359)

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Antitrust, Competition Law, Dominant Firm, Monopoly, Monopolization, Attempted Monopolization, Abuse of Dominance, European Union, Multinational Firms, Multinational Corporations

33.

Regional Agreements of Developing Jurisdictions: Unleashing the Potential

Edward Elgar, COMPLETION POLICY AND REGIONAL INTERGRATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, Mor Bakhoum, Josef Drexl, Michal Gal, David Gerber, Eleanor Fox eds., 2012
Number of pages: 22 Posted: 31 Aug 2011
Michal Gal and Inbal Faibish
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 141 (200,910)

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antitrust, competition law, regional agreement, developing jurisdictions

34.

New Powers - New Vulnerabilities? A Critical Analysis of Market Inquiries Performed by Competition Authorities

Competition Law as Regulation, Di Porto and Drexl eds., Edward Elgar, 2013
Number of pages: 20 Posted: 07 Oct 2013
Tamar Indig and Michal Gal
University of Haifa and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 134 (209,357)

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Market inquiries, market studies, competition law, antitrust, competition agencies

35.

Six Principles for Limiting Government-Facilitated Restraints on Competition

Common Market Law Review, Vol. 44, 2007
Number of pages: 41 Posted: 27 Sep 2010
Michal Gal and Inbal Faibish
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 130 (214,540)

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Competition Authorities, Antitrust, Comparative Advantage, Regulation

36.

Licensee Patent Challenges

Yale Journal on Regulation, Vol. 32, No. 1, 2015
Number of pages: 41 Posted: 09 Sep 2015
Alan D. Miller and Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law and University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 127 (218,354)

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Patents, Licensing, Antitrust, Challenges, Contracts

37.

Antitrust in a Globalized Economy: The Unique Enforcement Challenges Faced by Small and by Developing Jurisdictions

Fordham International Law Journal, Vol. 33, No. 101, 2009
Number of pages: 45 Posted: 02 Oct 2012
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 121 (226,446)

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antitrust, competition, international, regional

38.

Review Essay: New Perspectives on International Antitrust

The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 106, pp. 401, 2011
Number of pages: 10 Posted: 17 Jun 2012
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 115 (235,165)

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39.

3D Challenges: Ensuring Competition and Innovation in 3D Printing

Number of pages: 32 Posted: 01 Apr 2019
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 40 (414,919)

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3D printing, competition, innovation, dynamic efficiency

40.

Competition Policy for Small Market Economies

Gal, Michal S., COMPETITION POLICY FOR SMALL MARKET ECONOMIES, Harvard University Press, March 2003
Posted: 07 Oct 2003
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law

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Other Papers (1)

Total Downloads: 4    Citations: 0
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1.

Illegal Pricing Algorithms

62(1) Communications of the ACM 1 (January 2019)
Number of pages: 3 Posted: 06 Feb 2019
Michal Gal
University of Haifa - Faculty of Law
Downloads 4

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algorithms, cartel, facilitating practices, antitrust, competition law