Michael A. Livermore

University of Virginia School of Law

Professor

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

49

DOWNLOADS
Rank 5,156

SSRN RANKINGS

Top 5,156

in Total Papers Downloads

13,894

SSRN CITATIONS
Rank 16,314

SSRN RANKINGS

Top 16,314

in Total Papers Citations

52

CROSSREF CITATIONS

28

Scholarly Papers (49)

1.

Rule by Rules

Computational Legal Studies: The Promise and Challenge of Data-Driven Legal Research (Ryan Whalen, ed.) (2019 Forthcoming)
Number of pages: 17 Posted: 03 Jun 2019
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 2,854 (8,020)

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computational law, machine learning, artificial intelligence and law, jurisprudence, legal realism

2.

A Quantitative Analysis of Writing Style on the U.S. Supreme Court

Washington University Law Review, Vol. 93, No. 6, 2016, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 3
Number of pages: 62 Posted: 25 Jan 2015 Last Revised: 26 Jun 2015
Keith Carlson, Michael A. Livermore and Daniel Rockmore
Dartmouth College, University of Virginia School of Law and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 1,702 (18,152)
Citation 9

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writing style; U.S. Supreme Court; function words; judicial clerks

3.

Authority and Legitimacy in Global Governance: Deliberation, Institutional Differentiation, and the Codex Alimentarius

New York University Law Review, Vol. 81, p. 766, 2006
Number of pages: 36 Posted: 19 May 2006
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 1,196 (30,754)
Citation 1

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World Trade Organization, WTO, GATT, SPS/TBT, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Technical Barriers to Trade, Appellate Body, Global Administrative Law, International Institutions, International Organizations, Trade, Food Safety, Food Regulation, Codex

Computational Methods in Legal Analysis

Forthcoming, 16 Annual Review of Law and Social Science (2020), Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2020-44, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2020-09
Number of pages: 41 Posted: 19 May 2020 Last Revised: 04 Apr 2022
Jens Frankenreiter and Michael A. Livermore
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 881 (46,629)
Citation 4

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computational law, machine learning, empirical legal studies, legal history, digital humanities, big data

Computational Methods in Legal Analysis

Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Vol. 16, pp. 39-57, 2020
Posted: 19 Oct 2020
Jens Frankenreiter and Michael A. Livermore
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law

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5.

The Supreme Court and the Judicial Genre

59 Arizona Law Review 837 (2017), Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2
Number of pages: 65 Posted: 02 Mar 2016 Last Revised: 06 Dec 2017
Michael A. Livermore, Allen Riddell and Daniel Rockmore
University of Virginia School of Law, Dartmouth College and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 532 (91,049)
Citation 4

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Supreme Court, topic models, legitimacy

6.

Regulatory Review, Capture, and Agency Inaction

Georgetown Law Journal, 2013, NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 12-47, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 12-28
Number of pages: 63 Posted: 18 Jan 2012 Last Revised: 03 Aug 2013
Michael A. Livermore and Richard L. Revesz
University of Virginia School of Law and New York University School of Law
Downloads 451 (111,101)
Citation 2

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Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, OIRA, cost-benefit analysis, capture, presidential power, administrative law, executive agencies, agency regulation, regulatory costs

7.

Environmental Law and Economics

Parisi, Francesco (ed.), Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics. Oxford University Press (Forthcoming) , Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2014-06
Number of pages: 43 Posted: 04 Feb 2014 Last Revised: 11 Feb 2014
Michael A. Livermore and Richard L. Revesz
University of Virginia School of Law and New York University School of Law
Downloads 430 (117,514)
Citation 3

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Law and Economics; Regulated Industries and Administrative Law; Environmental Health and Safety Law; Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; General; Government Policy

8.

Computationally Assisted Regulatory Participation

93 Notre Dame Law Review 977 (2018), Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2017-30
Number of pages: 58 Posted: 18 May 2017 Last Revised: 17 Apr 2018
Michael A. Livermore, Vladimir Eidelman and Brian Grom
University of Virginia School of Law, FiscalNote and FiscalNote
Downloads 341 (152,374)
Citation 3

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Rulemaking, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Administrative Law, Administrative Agencies, Public Participation

9.

Sociopolitical Feedbacks and Climate Change

Harvard Environmental Law Review, Vol. 43, No. 1, 2019
Number of pages: 56 Posted: 21 Mar 2019
Peter Howard and Michael A. Livermore
New York University (NYU) - Institute for Policy Integrity and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 318 (164,195)
Citation 2

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climate change, social cost of carbon, environmental conflict

10.

Law Search as Prediction

Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2018-61
Number of pages: 59 Posted: 07 Nov 2018 Last Revised: 27 Apr 2021
University of Virginia School of Law, University of Virginia, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) - Law School, University of Virginia, Dept. of System & Information Engineering and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 295 (177,651)
Citation 1

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search, artificial intelligence and law, machine learning, topic models, legal reasoning

11.

Rethinking Health-Based Environmental Standards

New York University Law Review, Vol. 89, 2014 Forthcoming, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2013-07, NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 13-58, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 13-30
Number of pages: 74 Posted: 22 Aug 2013 Last Revised: 16 Jan 2014
Michael A. Livermore and Richard L. Revesz
University of Virginia School of Law and New York University School of Law
Downloads 295 (177,651)

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Law and Economics, Regulated Industries and Administrative Law, Environmental, Health and Safety Law, Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics, Government Policy

12.

Empirically Validating Citation Metrics for Legal Scholars: A Market Approach

Number of pages: 34 Posted: 12 Aug 2021 Last Revised: 19 Aug 2021
Joshua B. Fischman and Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 290 (180,868)

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citation metrics, law school ranking, h-index, u.s. news

13.

Where Nature's Rights Go Wrong

Virginia Law Review, Forthcoming, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2021-08
Number of pages: 44 Posted: 17 Mar 2021
Mauricio Guim and Michael A. Livermore
Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) - Law School and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 288 (182,170)

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legal research; artificial intelligence; machine learning; jurisprudence

14.

Interest Groups and Environmental Policy: Inconsistent Positions and Missed Opportunities

45 Environmental Law Review 1 (2015), NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 14-67, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 14-40, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 5, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 16
Number of pages: 18 Posted: 06 Dec 2014 Last Revised: 10 Jan 2018
Michael A. Livermore and Richard L. Revesz
University of Virginia School of Law and New York University School of Law
Downloads 282 (186,095)

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15.

Cost-Benefit Analysis and Agency Independence

University of Chicago Law Review, Forthcoming, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2013-09
Number of pages: 62 Posted: 20 Sep 2013
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 265 (198,208)
Citation 1

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cost-benefit analysis, regulatory review, OIRA, EPA, regulation, unitary executive

16.

Patience is an Economic Virtue: Real Options, Natural Resources, and Offshore Oil

84 University of Colorado Law Review 581 (2013)
Number of pages: 70 Posted: 28 Aug 2012 Last Revised: 13 Nov 2013
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 243 (215,839)

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real options, OCS, offshore oil, natural resources

17.

The Meaning of Green Growth

Michigan Journal of Environmental and Administrative Law, 2013, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2014-12
Number of pages: 55 Posted: 22 Jan 2014 Last Revised: 08 Feb 2014
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 220 (237,522)

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green growth, cost-benefit analysis, environmental regulation, better regulation, OIRA

18.

Setting the Social Cost of Carbon

Forthcoming in ‘Climate Change Law’ (Edward Elgar 2017)(Daniel Farber & Marjan Peeters eds.), Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 4
Number of pages: 14 Posted: 25 Feb 2016
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 219 (238,492)

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19.

Law Search In The Age Of The Algorithm

2020 MICH. ST. L. REV. 1183 , Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2021-26
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 28 Apr 2021
University of Virginia School of Law, University of Virginia, Dept. of System & Information Engineering, Dartmouth College, University of Virginia, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) - Law School and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 191 (270,266)

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artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, legal research, search, information retrieval, information behavior

20.

Bending the Law

Number of pages: 17 Posted: 02 Mar 2016 Last Revised: 01 May 2016
Dartmouth College, University of Virginia School of Law, Dartmouth College, Dartmouth College and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 189 (272,813)
Citation 2

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legal search, network analysis, topic modeling, citation networks, multinetworks, Markov chain, PageRank, curvature

21.

The Perils of Experimentation

126 Yale Law Journal 564 (2017), Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2016-34
Number of pages: 59 Posted: 12 May 2016 Last Revised: 08 Aug 2018
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 187 (275,364)

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Federalism, Environmental Law, Clean Power Plan

22.

Can Cost-Benefit Analysis of Environmental Policy Go Global?

New York University Environmental Law Journal, 2012
Number of pages: 37 Posted: 28 Aug 2012
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 162 (311,675)
Citation 2

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cost-benefit analysis, environmental regulation, developing countries

23.

Political Parties and Presidential Oversight

Alabama Law Review, Vol. 67:1:45, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2015-31
Number of pages: 90 Posted: 23 May 2015 Last Revised: 08 Dec 2015
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 148 (336,073)
Citation 1

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administrative law, cost-benefit analysis, political parties, Chevron, arbitrary and capricious review, agencies, regulator review, party polarization, sixth party system

24.

Reviving Environmental Protection: Preference-Directed Regulation and Regulatory Ossification

Virginia Environmental Law Journal, Vol. 25, No. 3, 2007
Number of pages: 63 Posted: 17 Jan 2008
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 142 (347,391)

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environment, environmental law, regulation, ossification, political science, public choice, administrative law, preferences, voting behavior, deadlock, gridlock

25.

Climate-Society Feedback Effects: Be Wary of Unidentified Connections

International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics, 2021, 15(1-2): 33–93, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2021-21
Number of pages: 38 Posted: 08 Sep 2021 Last Revised: 16 Sep 2021
Peter Howard and Michael A. Livermore
New York University (NYU) - Institute for Policy Integrity and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 141 (349,289)

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Social-ecological systems; feedbacks; integrated assessment models; social cost of carbon

26.

Administrative Law in an Era of Partisan Volatility

Emory Law Journal, Vol. 69, 2019
Number of pages: 73 Posted: 19 Nov 2018 Last Revised: 05 Dec 2019
Michael A. Livermore and Daniel Richardson
University of Virginia School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 137 (357,111)
Citation 4

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partisan polarization, administrative law, Chevron deference, independent agencies

27.

Cause or Cure? Cost-Benefit Analysis and Regulatory Gridlock

NYU Environmental Law Journal, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2008, Breaking the Logjam: Environmental Reform for the New Congress and Administration Paper
Number of pages: 27 Posted: 30 Mar 2009
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 132 (367,479)

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28.

Rethinking Health-Based Environmental Standards and Cost-Benefit Analysis

Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2016-10
Number of pages: 8 Posted: 04 Aug 2016
Michael A. Livermore and Richard L. Revesz
University of Virginia School of Law and New York University School of Law
Downloads 121 (392,446)

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29.

Environmental Federalism in a Dark Time

Ohio State Law Journal, Vol. 79, No. 4, 2018
Number of pages: 18 Posted: 20 Dec 2018
Denise Grab and Michael A. Livermore
New York University (NYU) - Institute for Policy Integrity and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 114 (409,833)

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federalism, environmental law, Trump, climate change

30.

Catastrophic Risk Review

LPP Working Paper No. 3-2022, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2022-65, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper No. 2022-21
Number of pages: 27 Posted: 14 Sep 2022 Last Revised: 08 Nov 2022
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 109 (423,336)

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cost-benefit analysis, existential risk

31.

Judicial Dark Matter

University of Chicago Law Review, Vol. 91, 2024 (Forthcoming)
Number of pages: 52 Posted: 24 Aug 2023
Nina Varsava, Keith Carlson, Michael A. Livermore and Daniel Rockmore
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dartmouth College, University of Virginia School of Law and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 93 (475,124)

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32.

Costs, Confusion, and Climate Change

Yale Journal on Regulation, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 27 Posted: 14 Dec 2021
Justin Gundlach and Michael A. Livermore
New York State Department of Public Service and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 93 (471,869)

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climate change, social cost of carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, marginal abatement cost

33.

Prevailing Academic View on Compliance Flexibility Under § 111 of the Clean Air Act

Resources for the Future Discussion Paper No. 11-29
Number of pages: 21 Posted: 02 Jan 2012 Last Revised: 09 Apr 2014
affiliation not provided to SSRN, New York University School of Law, University of South Carolina - School of Law, University of Virginia School of Law, Columbia University - Law School and Resources for the Future
Downloads 86 (495,378)
Citation 5

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source category, existing sources, state implementation plan, new sources, tradable performance standards

34.

Pitfalls of Empirical Studies that Attempt to Understand the Factors Affecting Appellate Decisionmaking

Duke Law Journal, Vol. 58, No. 8, 2009
Number of pages: 95 Posted: 26 Sep 2013
Harry T. Edwards and Michael A. Livermore
US Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 85 (498,994)
Citation 2

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Judicial decision making

35.

Responding to Mass, Computer-Generated, and Malattributed Comments

74 Admin. L. Rev. 95 (2022), Cardozo Legal Studies Research Paper No. 701
Number of pages: 66 Posted: 25 Apr 2022 Last Revised: 03 Apr 2023
George Washington University - Department of Political Science, Administrative Conference of the United States, The Ohio State University, George Washington University - Law School, University of Virginia School of Law, Yeshiva University - Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law and New York Law School (NYLS) - Democracy Design Workshop
Downloads 84 (502,585)

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regulation, regulatory, administrative law, notice-and-comment, public comments

36.

Centralizing Congressional Oversight

Journal of Law and Politics, Vol. XXXII, No. 261, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2018-05
Number of pages: 17 Posted: 03 Feb 2018
Matthew Brooker and Michael A. Livermore
Kirkland & Ellis - Washington, D.C. Office and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 84 (502,585)

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politics, congress, congressional oversight

37.

Regional Variation, Holdouts, and Climate Treaty Negotiations

Number of pages: 36 Posted: 04 Mar 2012 Last Revised: 19 Sep 2013
James Scott Holladay and Michael A. Livermore
University of Tennessee and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 81 (513,608)

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Transboundry Pollution, Climate Change, International Climate Policy, Developing Countries

38.

Water Pollution and Regulatory Cooperation in China

Cornell International Law Journal, Vol. 44, No. 2, 2011
Number of pages: 36 Posted: 30 Aug 2012 Last Revised: 05 Sep 2012
Michael A. Livermore, Craig Wenner and Hong Lan
University of Virginia School of Law, affiliation not provided to SSRN and Renmin University of China
Downloads 79 (521,192)

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environmental federalism, pollution control, Chinese environmental law

39.

Studying Judicial Behavior with Text Analysis

Forthcoming Oxford Handbook of Comparative Judicial Behavior, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2023-71
Number of pages: 16 Posted: 16 Oct 2023
Bao Kham Chau and Michael A. Livermore
Cornell University - Cornell Tech NYC and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 77 (529,088)

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natural language processing, computational text analysis, machine learning, empirical legal studies, text as data

40.

Structure and Content in the United States Code

Number of pages: 17 Posted: 11 Sep 2020
Keith Carlson, Faraz Dadgostari, Michael A. Livermore and Daniel Rockmore
Dartmouth College, University of Virginia, University of Virginia School of Law and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 72 (549,600)
Citation 1

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41.

Language Model Interpretability and Empirical Legal Studies

Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2023-69, Forthcoming Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics
Number of pages: 36 Posted: 12 Oct 2023
Michael A. Livermore, Felix Herron and Daniel Rockmore
University of Virginia School of Law, Sorbonne University and Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics
Downloads 67 (571,296)

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empirical legal studies; natural language processing; interpretability; language models; computational analysis of law; law-as-data

42.

Conversation, Representation, and Allocation: Justice Breyer's Active Liberty

New York University Law Review, Vol. 81, pp. 1505-1517, 2006
Number of pages: 13 Posted: 13 Mar 2012
D. Theodore Rave and Michael A. Livermore
University of Texas at Austin - School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 61 (599,052)

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43.

Judicial Hierarchy and Discursive Influence

Forthcoming in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, Virginia Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper No. 2023-70
Number of pages: 13 Posted: 16 Oct 2023
Felix Herron, Keith Carlson, Daniel Rockmore and Michael A. Livermore
Sorbonne University, Dartmouth College, Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 27 (817,861)

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Supreme Court; federal courts; topic model; dynamic topic model; document influence

44.

Realist Lawyers and Realistic Legalists: A Brief Rebuttal to Judge Posner

Duke Law Journal, Vol. 59, 2010
Number of pages: 7 Posted: 26 Sep 2013
Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 21 (871,239)

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45.

Legalbench: A Collaboratively Built Benchmark for Measuring Legal Reasoning in Large Language Models

2023 Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Datasets and Benchmarks Track
Number of pages: 143
Stanford University, Stanford Law School, Stanford Law School, Stanford University, University of Chicago - Law School, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Stanford University - Department of Management Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford University, Dartmouth College - Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Maxime Tools, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of California, Santa Barbara, South Texas College of Law Houston, University of Toronto - Faculty of Law, St. Thomas University - School of Law, Harvard University, Harvard Law School, Stanford Law School, Stanford University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Bern - Faculty of Science, Stanford University - CodeX - Center for Legal Informatics, University of Minnesota Law School, Georgetown University Law Center, Stanford Legal Design Lab, Stanford University - Stanford Codex Center, University of Virginia School of Law, Maxime Tools, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, University of Toronto, Stanford University, Centre for Refugee Studies, Refugee Law Lab & Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, Harvard University, Casetext, Golden Gate University School of Law, Indiana University Bloomington, Harvard Law School, affiliation not provided to SSRN and Stanford University
Downloads 6

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legal practice, law and technology, large language models, artificial intelligence, empirical legal methods, machine learning

46.

Are Lawyers’ Case Selection Decisions Biased? A Field Experiment on Access to Justice

52 Journal of Legal Studies 273 (2023)
Jens Frankenreiter and Michael A. Livermore
Washington University in St. Louis - School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law
Downloads 3

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discrimination, field experiment, audit study, access to justice

47.

EPAs Nondiscretionary Duties to Act Under Section 115

Combating Climate Change with Section 115 of the Clean Air Act (Michael Burger, ed. 2020).
Posted: 06 May 2021
Cale Jaffe and Michael A. Livermore
University of Virginia School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law

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48.

Improve Economic Models of Climate Change

NATURE, Vol. 508 (2014)
Posted: 09 Feb 2021
New York University School of Law, Stanford University - Department of Economics, Stanford University - Department of Economics, New York University (NYU) - Institute for Policy Integrity, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick/Piscataway, University of Virginia School of Law, Princeton University - Princeton School of Public and International Affairs and Göteborg University - Department of Economics

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49.

Retaking Rationality: How Cost-Benefit Analysis Can Better Protect the Environment and Our Health

Richard Revesz, Michael Livermore, RETAKING RATIONALITY: HOW COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS CAN BETTER PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT AND OUR HEALTH, Oxford University Press, March 2008
Posted: 28 Mar 2008
Richard L. Revesz and Michael A. Livermore
New York University School of Law and University of Virginia School of Law

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