University of Chicago - Department of Surgery, University of Chicago - MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, Mayo Clinic - Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic - Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic - Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic - Department of Surgery, University of Chicago - Pritzker School of Medicine and University of Chicago - Pritzker School of Medicine

Mitchell Hamline School of Law, University of Pittsburgh, University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), Yale University, University of Chicago - MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Kaiser Permanente, Florida State University - College of Law and College of Medicine, Independent, Stanford University - Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics (SCBE), University of Washington, University of Washington, Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, University of Vermont, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law, Case Western Reserve University, West Virginia University - Department of Philosophy and University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)