University of Calgary - Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences - Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences - Department of Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - Department of Virology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences - Immunology Research Center, University of Calgary - Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary - Department of Biological Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Northwestern University - Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Kansas - University of Kansas Medical Center and University of Colorado at Denver - Trauma and Endocrine Surgery