Johns Hopkins University, Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Abt Global, Abt Global, Emory University - Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Oregon State University, Oregon State University, Case Western Reserve University - Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Brown University, Brown University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor - Division of Geriatrics & Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, University of Pittsburgh - School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh - School of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital, St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital, Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Government of the United States of America - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Government of the United States of America - CDC COVID-19 Response

Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Harvard University, Brown University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Case Western Reserve University, Brown University, Case Western Reserve University - Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center - Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center and Case Western Reserve University - Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy/Immunology