University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Siena - Institute of Global Health, University of the Witwatersrand - Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of the Witwatersrand, Stellenbosch University - Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Soweto Clinical Trials Centre, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand - Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Department of Clinical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand - South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytical Research Unit, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Oxford - Jenner Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, GSK plc, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, Wits Reproductive Health & HIV Institute (WRHI), University of Southampton - NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Liverpool - School of Tropical Medicine, University of Bristol - Bristol Vaccine Centre, St George’s University London - St George’s Vaccine Institute, University College London - Department of Infection, University of Oxford - Clinical BioManufacturing Facility, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of the Witwatersrand - South African Medical Research Council, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Department of Clinical Sciences, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, University of the Witwatersrand - South African Medical Research Council, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand - South African Medical Research Council, University of the Witwatersrand - South African Medical Research Council, University Hospitals Bristol - University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, University College London, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Braziland Hospital São Rafael - Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, London Northwest University Healthcare, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of the Witwatersrand - Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Setshaba Research Centre, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, Hospital Quinta D'OR, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, Imperial College London - Department of Infectious Disease, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, University of Glasgow - College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Western General Hospital - Clinical Infection Research Group, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Cambridge - Department of Medicine, Royal Papworth HospitalUniversity of Cambridge - Heart and Lung Research Institute, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, AstraZeneca Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Anuerin Bevan University Health Board, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group and Independent

University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Big Data Institute, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Cambridge, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Cambridge - Department of Medicine, University of Oxford - Big Data Institute, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, Public Health England - National Infection Service, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Department of Clinical Sciences, UK Biocentre, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Jenner Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, GSK plc, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Southampton - NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre, University of Liverpool - School of Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Bristol - Bristol Vaccine Centre, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Jenner Institute, St George’s University London - St George’s Vaccine Institute, University College London - Department of Infection, University of Oxford - Clinical BioManufacturing Facility, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, Public Health England - National Infection Service, University of London - Institute of Infection and Immunity, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University Hospitals Bristol - University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, University College London, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Genomics England, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, London Northwest University Healthcare, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, Imperial College London - Department of Infectious Disease, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Glasgow - College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Western General Hospital - Clinical Infection Research Group, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Royal Papworth HospitalUniversity of Cambridge - Heart and Lung Research Institute, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, AstraZeneca Biopharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Anuerin Bevan University Health Board, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, Independent and Independent

University of Siena - Institute of Global Health, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Grid Europe Consult, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group and affiliation not provided to SSRN

University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Southampton - NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Southampton - NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of London - Institute of Infection and Immunity, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Independent, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust - Department of Infection, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Independent, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group and Independent

National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Turku - Institute of Biomedicine, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Spaarne Gasthuis Academy, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Turku - Institute of Biomedicine, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, University of Turku - Institute of Biomedicine, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, University of Oxford - Department of Paediatrics, University of Turku - Institute of Biomedicine, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology and National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control

University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Turku - Institute of Biomedicine, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Turku, University of Turku, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Institut d’Hématologie et d’Oncologie Pédiatrique (iHOPe) - Centre Léon Bérard, Radboud University Nijmegen - Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud University Nijmegen - Radboud University Medical Center, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Turku, affiliation not provided to SSRN, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, University of Oxford - Department of Paediatrics and University of Turku - Institute of Biomedicine, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

University of Liverpool - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford - Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Birmingham - Clinical Immunology Service, University of Birmingham - Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, University of Oxford - Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Liverpool - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Newcastle University - Translational and Clinical Research Institute Immunity and Inflammation Theme, University of Liverpool - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Oxford - Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford - Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, NHS Foundation Trust - Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (LUH), Newcastle University - Translational and Clinical Research Institute Immunity and Inflammation Theme, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Dept Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Dept of Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Birmingham - Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Cambridge - MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge - MRC Toxicology Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Liverpool - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Oxford - Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford - Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), Newcastle University - Translational and Clinical Research Institute Immunity and Inflammation Theme, University of Oxford - Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford - Centre for Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Cambridge - MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Oxford - Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford - Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Public Health England Colindale, Newcastle University - Translational and Clinical Research Institute, University of Birmingham - Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Oxford - Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Sheffield - Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Mahidol University - Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, University of Liverpool - NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infection and Independent