Sungkyunkwan University - Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Medical Center - Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Sungkyunkwan University - Department of Digital Health, Sungkyunkwan University - Department of Digital Health, Sungkyunkwan University - Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Johns Hopkins University - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University - Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University - Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University - Samsung Medical Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University - Heart Vascular and Stroke Institute, Sungkyunkwan University - Samsung Medical Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University - Samsung Medical Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Sungkyunkwan University - Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation