Imperial College London, King’s College London, University College London - Patient-Led Research Collaborative, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg - Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Imperial College London, affiliation not provided to SSRN, World Health Organization (WHO) - Department of Country Readiness Strengthening, University of Liverpool, University of Liverpool, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Medicine, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Cambridge University Hospitals - MRCP, World Health Organization (WHO) - Brain Health Unit, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Independent, Coventry University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Johns Hopkins University - Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Research Group, University of Liverpool and Independent

University of Cambridge - MRC Biostatistics Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge - Department of Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital - Department of Medicine for the Elderly, University of Cambridge - MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - Cancer Research UK, Cambridge University Hospitals - Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals - MRCP and Cambridge University - MRC Biostatistics Unit