Nihon University Hospital - Cardiovascular Disease Center, Juntendo University - Department of Public Health, Thomas Jefferson University - Department of Emergency Medicine, Nihon University Hospital - Department of Cardiology, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center - Department of Cardiology, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital - Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital - Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Kawaguchi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital, Toho University - School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Chiba University Hospital and Independent