Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU) - Department of Geography, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, The University of Sydney - School of Public Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Queensland University of Technology - International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, University of Melbourne - Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU) - Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Harvard University - Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Monash University - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Texas A&M University - Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Baptist University, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Southern Medical University - Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Peking University - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) - Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU) - Department of Geography and Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital

Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory, Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory, Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory, Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital

affiliation not provided to SSRN, Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) - Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, National University of Science & Technology, Capital Medical University, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) - Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) - Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment and Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital

affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Centre - Department of Emergency, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory and Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital

Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Centre - Department of Emergency, Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory, Capital Medical University - Department of Central Laboratory and Capital Medical University - Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital