Wind erosion, vegetation-flow interaction, biomechanics, shrub morphodynamics, wind tunnel experiment, turbulence intensity
Farmland shelterbelt system, regional studies, Land management, spatial-temporal heterogeneity, ecological effects
Farmland shelterbelt system, Agricultural management, Environmental factors, Ecosystem functions, Ecological restoration
ecological stoichiometry, Poplar shelterbelts, Degradation stages, N limitations, nutrient balance
Spectral diversity, Paleoclimate, Modern climate, Soil factors, Gobi Desert