Laser-induced graphene (LIG), Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), Electrochemical sensor, Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Ultra-trace detection, Water quality monitoring
Graphene ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (G-ISFET), Super-Nernstian response, Nickel ion detection, Trace heavy-metal sensing, Heavy-metal environmental monitoring
Arsenite sensor, Graphene, Ion-sensitive field-effect transistor, Ion-selective electrode, Environmental monitoring
Acoustic wave, PMMA, Hot embossing, Tunneling current, PZT, FFT
Graphene, Ion-sensitive field-effect transistor, Nitrate detection, Ultra-low limit of detection
Glassy Carbon, graphene, Valveless micropump, Electrochemical sensor, Heavy metal