NHS England and NHS Improvement, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Swansea University - Population Data Science, University of Liverpool - Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Swansea University - Department of Education and Childhood Studies, University of Liverpool - Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems and University of Liverpool - Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems

University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Royal College of General Practitioners, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Queen’s University Belfast - Public Health Agency, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Swansea University - Department of Education and Childhood Studies, University of Strathclyde - Department of Mathematics & Statistics, BREATHE – The Health Data Research Hub for Respiratory Health, Royal College of General Practitioners - Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC), University of Edinburgh - Usher Institute, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences and University of Oxford

Swansea University - Department of Education and Childhood Studies, Cardiff University - School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff University - Wolfson Centre for Young People’s Mental Health, Cardiff Metropolitan University - Cardiff School of Technologies, Cardiff University - Division of Population Medicine, Swansea University - National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research, Children’s Social Care Research and Development Centre (CASCADE), Cardiff University, University of Aberdeen - Centre for Health Data Science and Cardiff University - School of Social Sciences