University of Glasgow, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Washington State University - Paul G. Allen School for Global Health and University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health

Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Princeton University - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Tanzania, Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Dodoma, Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Dodoma, Government of Tanzania - Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Zanzibar - Department of Livestock Development, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology Arusha-Tanzania - Department of Global Health and Biomedical Sciences, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, University of Dar es Salaam - Mbeya college of Health and Allied Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries, Zanzibar - Department of Livestock Development, University of Warwick, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health and University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health

Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Glasgow, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow, University of Glasgow, Ifakara Health Institute, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Washington State University - School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University and University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health

Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow, Global Animal Health Tanzania, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Washington State University, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Washington State University and Washington State University - School of Economic Sciences

University of Sussex, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute - Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, University of Glasgow - Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, University of Oxford - Department of Statistics and University of Sussex