University of St. Andrews - School of Medicine, University of Oxford - Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of St. Andrews - School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews - School of Medicine, University College London - Department of Computer Science, University College London - Department of Computer Science, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Swansea University - Population Data Science, Swansea University - Population Data Science, University College London - Institute of Health Informatics, University of Cambridge - MRC Biostatistics Unit, Queen's University Belfast - Centre for Public Health, Queen Mary University of London - Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London - Wolfson Institute of Population Health, University of Leicester - Department of Genetics & Genome Biology, University of Cambridge - MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Birmingham - Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Edinburgh - Advanced Care Research Centre, University of St. Andrews - School of Medicine, University of Leicester - Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester - Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Warwick - Department of Statistics and University of St. Andrews - School of Medicine