China-UK Collaboration - Epidemiology Research Unit, China-UK Collaboration - Epidemiology Research Unit, Aston University, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oxford - Department of Oncology, The University of Hong Kong - Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rehabilitation Clinic "Villa delle Magnolie" - Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, China-UK Collaboration - Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Coventry University - Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, The University of Hong Kong - Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Tianjin Medical University - Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Analytics Group and Tianjin Medical University - The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University