Northern Arizona University, Northern Arizona University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Aarhus University, Auburn University, Carleton University, Colgate University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Government of the Republic of Finland - Finnish Meteorological Institute, Government of the Republic of Finland - Finnish Meteorological Institute, University of Helsinki, Northern Arizona University, Northern Arizona University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Government of the United States of America - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Government of the United States of America - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Government of the United States of America - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Government of the United States of America - Oak Ridge National Laboratory, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Umeå University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Alaska Fairbanks, University of Alaska Fairbanks, University of Alaska Fairbanks - Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Copenhagen, University of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, University of Idaho, University of Lapland, University of Munster, University of Munster, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Western Washington University, Woodwell Climate Research Center, Woodwell Climate Research Center, Woodwell Climate Research Center and The Woods Hole Research Center

Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Stanford University, Umeå University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN and affiliation not provided to SSRN

affiliation not provided to SSRN, Uppsala University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, Örebro University, Agricultural University of Iceland, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Towson University, Grand Valley State University, University of Iceland, University of Helsinki, Umeå University, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Umeå University, University of Helsinki, Memorial University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Helsinki, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Turku, University of Texas at El Paso, University of Alaska Fairbanks and University of Gothenburg