Robert P. Merges

University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

Wilson Sonsini Professor of Law

215 Law Building

Berkeley, CA 94720-7200

United States

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

61

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96

CROSSREF CITATIONS

237

Scholarly Papers (61)

1.

High Technology Entrepreneurs and the Patent System: Results of the 2008 Berkeley Patent Survey

Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 255-327, 2009, CELS 2009 4th Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies Paper
Number of pages: 74 Posted: 04 Jul 2009 Last Revised: 29 Oct 2015
Georgia Institute of Technology - Scheller College of Business, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and University of San Diego School of Law
Downloads 5,841 (2,732)
Citation 71

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Entrepreneurship, Patents, Innovation, Intellectual Property

2.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2016 - Chapters 1 and 2

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2016 , Stanford Public Law Working Paper No. 2780190
Number of pages: 185 Posted: 19 May 2016 Last Revised: 24 Jun 2016
Peter S. Menell, Mark A. Lemley and Robert P. Merges
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 3,941 (5,334)
Citation 6

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Intellectual Property, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Misappropriation, Right of Publicity

As Many as Six Impossible Patents Before Breakfast: Property Rights for Business Concepts and Patent System Reform

Number of pages: 39 Posted: 27 Sep 1999
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 3,065 (7,910)
Citation 8

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As Many as Six Impossible Patents Before Breakfast: Property Rights for Business Concepts and Patent System Reform

Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Vol. 14, Pp. 577-615, 1999
Posted: 25 Aug 1999
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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4.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2023

Clause 8 Publishing; Volume I: Perspectives, Trade Secrets & Patents; 2023
Number of pages: 182 Posted: 20 Jul 2023
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Columbia University - Law School
Downloads 2,977 (8,460)
Citation 1

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Intellectual Property, Philosophical Perspectives, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark,

5.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2019 - Chapters 1 and 2

Number of pages: 176 Posted: 08 Jul 2019 Last Revised: 18 Aug 2019
Peter S. Menell, Mark A. Lemley and Robert P. Merges
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 2,974 (8,471)
Citation 1

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Intellectual Property, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Misappropriation, Right of Publicity

6.

Justifying Intellectual Property: Chapter 1

Robert P. Merges, JUSTIFYING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, Harvard University Press, 2011
Number of pages: 28 Posted: 10 Sep 2011
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 2,884 (8,821)

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7.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2017 - Chapters 1 and 2

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age 2017: Vol. II Copyrights, Trademarks and State IP Protections; ISBN-13: 978-1945555077, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper, Stanford Public Law Working Paper
Number of pages: 178 Posted: 22 Jul 2017
Peter S. Menell, Mark A. Lemley and Robert P. Merges
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 2,718 (9,729)

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Intellectual Property, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Misappropriation, Right of Publicity

8.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2020 - Chapters 1 and 2

Stanford Public Law Working Paper
Number of pages: 179 Posted: 03 Aug 2020
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Columbia University - Law School
Downloads 2,717 (9,734)
Citation 1

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Intellectual Property, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Misappropriation, Right of Publicity

9.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2021 - Chapters 1 and 2

Number of pages: 186 Posted: 12 Jul 2021
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Columbia University - Law School
Downloads 2,692 (9,904)

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Intellectual Property, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Misappropriation, Right of Publicity

10.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2018 - Chapters 1 and 2

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2018 - Chapters 1 and 2, Clause 8 Publishing, 2018, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper, Stanford Public Law Working Paper
Number of pages: 177 Posted: 25 Jul 2018
Peter S. Menell, Mark A. Lemley and Robert P. Merges
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 2,154 (14,102)
Citation 1

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Intellectual Property, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Misappropriation, Right of Publicity

11.

Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age: 2022 - Chapters 1 and 2

Number of pages: 187 Posted: 29 Jul 2022
UC Berkeley School of Law, Stanford Law School, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Columbia University - Law School
Downloads 2,013 (15,643)
Citation 1

Abstract:

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Intellectual Property, Trade Secret, Patent, Copyright, Trademark, Misappropriation, Right of Publicity

12.

Economics of Intellectual Property Law

Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics, Francesco Parisi, eds., Forthcoming
Number of pages: 24 Posted: 22 Mar 2014
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,989 (16,002)

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13.

Patents, Entry and Growth in the Software Industry

Number of pages: 29 Posted: 24 Aug 2006
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,447 (26,125)
Citation 4

Abstract:

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Patents, Intellectual Property

14.

The Proper Scope of the Copyright and Patent Power

Harvard Journal on Legislation, Vol. 37, p. 45, 2000
Number of pages: 26 Posted: 22 May 2007
Glenn Harlan Reynolds and Robert P. Merges
University of Tennessee College of Law and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,387 (27,784)

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patent, copyright, monopoly, extension, commerce, useful arts

15.

A New Dynamism in the Public Domain

Number of pages: 20 Posted: 25 Jun 2004
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,181 (35,111)
Citation 3

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16.

Who Owns the Charles River Bridge? Intellectual Property and Competition in the Software Industry

Number of pages: 47 Posted: 28 Feb 2000
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,077 (40,116)
Citation 5

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17.

From Medieval Guilds to Open Source Software: Informal Norms, Appropriability Institutions, and Innovation

Number of pages: 25 Posted: 05 Feb 2005
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,064 (40,796)
Citation 8

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18.

Operating Efficiently Post-Bilski by Ordering Patent Doctrine Decision-Making

Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Vol. 25, p. 1673, 2010, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 1953512, University of Missouri School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2011-23
Number of pages: 20 Posted: 03 Nov 2011
Dennis David Crouch and Robert P. Merges
University of Missouri School of Law and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 1,011 (43,920)

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Patentable Subject Matter, Patent Law, Avoidance

19.

Philosophical Foundations of IP Law: The Law and Economics Paradigm

Forthcoming in the Research Handbook on the Economics of IP Law (Peter S. Menell, Ben Depoorter, and David Schwartz, eds.), (Vol. I -- Theory) (Edward Elgar Publishing), UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 2920713
Number of pages: 34 Posted: 21 Feb 2017
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 997 (44,808)
Citation 1

Abstract:

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intellectual property, law and economics, jurisprudence

20.

What Kind of Rights Are Intellectual Property Rights?

Oxford Handbook of IP Law (R. Dreyfuss and J. Pila, eds.), Forthcoming, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper
Number of pages: 50 Posted: 01 May 2017
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 826 (58,038)
Citation 1

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intellectual property, property rights, private law, legal philosophy

21.

An Estoppel Doctrine for Patented Standards

California Law Review, Vol. 97, No. 1, 2009
Number of pages: 43 Posted: 28 May 2008 Last Revised: 26 May 2014
Robert P. Merges and Jeffrey M. Kuhn
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill - Kenan-Flagler Business School
Downloads 820 (58,624)
Citation 1

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patents, standards, estoppel, network effects, lock-in, lock in, patent misuse, strategic assertion, laches, waiver, antitrust, reliance, bait and switch, snake in the grass, SSOs, SSO, network industries

22.

A Transactional View of Property Right

Number of pages: 47 Posted: 26 Apr 2005
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 810 (59,590)
Citation 13

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Property rights, precontractual liability, enforcement flexibility

23.

Property Rights, Firm Boundaries, and R&D Inputs

Number of pages: 42 Posted: 11 Jan 2001
Ashish Arora and Robert P. Merges
Duke University - Fuqua School of Business and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 732 (68,118)
Citation 8

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24.

The Uninvited Guest: Patents on Wall Street

Number of pages: 37 Posted: 27 May 2003
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 694 (72,995)
Citation 11

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Patents, Innovation, Financial Services

25.

Against Utilitarian Fundamentalism

St. John's Law Review, Vol. 90, No. 3, 2017, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper
Number of pages: 27 Posted: 30 Apr 2017
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 642 (80,492)

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intellectual property, legal theory, private law

26.

Incentives to Challenge and Defend Patents: Why Litigation Won't Reliably Fix Patent Office Errors and Why Administrative Patent Review Might Help

Number of pages: 28 Posted: 14 Oct 2004
Joseph Farrell and Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - Department of Economics and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 633 (81,947)
Citation 11

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patents, uspto, law

27.

Measuring the Costs and Benefits of Patent Pools

Ohio State Law Journal, Forthcoming, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 2759027
Number of pages: 67 Posted: 05 Apr 2016
Robert P. Merges and Michael Mattioli
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Indiana University Maurer School of Law (Bloomington)
Downloads 622 (83,781)
Citation 1

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patent pools, transaction costs, collective licensing, patent licensing, patents, licensing, standard-setting, innovation, antitrust

28.

Locke for the Masses: Property Rights and the Products of Collective Creativity

Number of pages: 13 Posted: 08 Jan 2009
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 614 (85,102)
Citation 3

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29.

IP Rights and Technological Platforms

Number of pages: 30 Posted: 15 Dec 2008
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 599 (87,815)
Citation 4

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30.

Copyright and Distributive Justice

Notre Dame Law Review, Vol. 92, 2016, Loyola Law School, Los Angeles Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2016-11, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 2758845
Number of pages: 67 Posted: 07 Apr 2016 Last Revised: 16 May 2024
Justin Hughes and Robert P. Merges
Loyola Law School Los Angeles and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 568 (93,974)
Citation 1

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copyright, Rawls, distributive justice, music, African-Americans, wealth, income, creators

The Relationship between Foundations and Principles in IP Law

UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 2130199
Number of pages: 16 Posted: 16 Aug 2012
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 395 (143,683)

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The Relationship between Foundations and Principles in IP Law

San Diego Law Review, Vol. 49, p. 957, 2012
Number of pages: 22 Posted: 09 May 2013
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 162 (349,985)

Abstract:

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intellectual property, legal theory

32.

Priority and Novelty under the AIA

UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 2130209
Number of pages: 19 Posted: 16 Aug 2012 Last Revised: 12 Mar 2013
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 539 (100,409)
Citation 2

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33.

Space Resources, Common Property, and the Collective Action Problem

NYU Environmental Law Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1997
Number of pages: 17 Posted: 05 Nov 2007
Glenn Harlan Reynolds and Robert P. Merges
University of Tennessee College of Law and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 527 (103,163)

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space law, property, moon treaty, collective action, Reynolds, Merges

34.

The Concept of Property in the Digital Era

Number of pages: 37 Posted: 08 Jan 2009
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 454 (123,379)
Citation 4

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The Trouble with Trolls: Innovation, Rent-Seeking, and Patent Law Reform

Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Vol. 24, p. 1583, 2010
Number of pages: 32 Posted: 11 May 2013
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 361 (158,998)
Citation 3

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The Trouble with Trolls: Innovation, Rent-Seeking and Patent Law Reform

Posted: 18 Nov 2011
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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36.

Software and Patent Scope: A Report from the Middle Innings

Texas Law Review, Vol. 85, No. 1627, 2007, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 994372
Number of pages: 50 Posted: 12 Jul 2007
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 330 (176,557)
Citation 1

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37.

Locke Remixed

UC Davis Law Review, Vol. 40, p. 101, 2007
Number of pages: 15 Posted: 15 Feb 2007
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 330 (176,557)

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38.

Patent Markets and Innovation in the Era of Big Platform Companies

Number of pages: 106 Posted: 28 Feb 2019
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 306 (191,298)
Citation 1

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patents, intellectual property, antitrust

The Continuing Vitality of Music Performance Rights Organizations

UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 1266870
Number of pages: 34 Posted: 15 Sep 2008 Last Revised: 28 Sep 2008
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 253 (231,104)
Citation 2

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The Continuing Vitality of Music Performance Rights Organizations

Posted: 18 Nov 2011
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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40.

To Waive and Waive Not: Property and Flexibility in the Digital Era

Number of pages: 26 Posted: 31 May 2011
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 228 (257,113)
Citation 1

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intellectual property, waiver, property theory

41.

The Path of IP Studies: Growth, Diversification, and Hope

Texas Law Review, Vol. 92, No. 1757-1768 (2014), UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. 2469289, U of Texas Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 616
Number of pages: 13 Posted: 22 Jul 2014 Last Revised: 29 Aug 2014
John M. Golden, Robert P. Merges and Pamela Samuelson
University of Texas at Austin - School of Law, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 224 (261,449)

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42.

After the Trolls: Patent Litigation As Ex-Post Market Making

Number of pages: 84 Posted: 18 Feb 2019
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 220 (265,917)

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patents, patent law, intellectual property, licensing, litigation

43.

Patents, Validity Challenges, and Private Ordering: A New Dispensation for the Easy-Challenge Era

Number of pages: 68 Posted: 30 Jan 2022 Last Revised: 02 Feb 2022
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 205 (283,884)

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44.

Now and Then, Here and There: A Review Essay on Khan, the Democratization of Invention, and Blind, et al., Software Patents

Journal of Economic Literature, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 18 Posted: 18 Apr 2007
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 191 (302,747)

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45.

A Few Kind Words for Absolute Infringement Liability in Patent Law

Number of pages: 40 Posted: 11 Jul 2014 Last Revised: 16 Jul 2014
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 182 (316,069)
Citation 2

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intellectual property, patent law, innovation, diffusion

The Control of Strategic Alliances: An Empirical Analysis of Biotechnology Collaborations

NBER Working Paper No. w6014
Number of pages: 41 Posted: 27 Jun 2000 Last Revised: 09 Dec 2022
Robert P. Merges and Josh Lerner
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Harvard Business School - Finance Unit
Downloads 161 (351,865)

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The Control of Strategic Alliances: An Empirical Analysis of Biotechnology Collaborations

Posted: 15 Sep 1997
Robert P. Merges and Josh Lerner
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Harvard Business School - Finance Unit

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47.

Intellectual Property Rights and Private Law Entitlements

Number of pages: 24 Posted: 22 Sep 2023
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 159 (355,558)

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intellectual property, private law theory, private law, torts, contracts

48.

Intellectual Property Rights, Input Markets, and the Value of Intangible Assets

Number of pages: 53 Posted: 12 Feb 2019
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 150 (373,155)
Citation 8

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49.

Foundations and Principles Redux: A Reply to Professor Blankfein-Tabachnick

California Law Review, Vol. 101, 2013
Number of pages: 26 Posted: 30 Sep 2013
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 122 (438,416)

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intellectual property, property theory, legal philosophy, jurisprudence

50.

The Hamiltonian Origins of the U.S. Patent System, and Why They Matter Today

Iowa Law Review, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 56 Posted: 31 Mar 2019
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 92 (535,103)

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51.

Updating the Private Law of Patent Contracting

Number of pages: 70 Posted: 12 Sep 2023
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 87 (554,034)

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52.

Two Patent-Related Harms, Two Remedies: Injury to Market and Uncompensated Input Use

UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 06 May 2024
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 81 (578,364)

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patents, property, private law, encroachment, patent licensing, patent damages

53.

MGM v. Grokster – Amicus Brief of Professors Peter S. Menell, David Nimmer, Robert P. Merges, and Justin Hughes

Number of pages: 39 Posted: 30 Aug 2019
Peter S. Menell, David Nimmer, Robert P. Merges and Justin Hughes
UC Berkeley School of Law, Irell & Manella LLP, University of California, Berkeley - School of Law and Loyola Law School Los Angeles
Downloads 73 (613,238)
Citation 1

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copyright, indirect liability, Sony, Grokster, statutory interpretation, file-sharing

54.

Patent Infringement, Private Law, and Liability Standards

UC Law Journal, Forthcoming, UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper
Number of pages: 77 Posted: 06 May 2024
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 69 (632,113)

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55.

Cousins, Not Twins: Patent Claim Scope vs. The Breadth of Patent Enforcement

Number of pages: 26 Posted: 06 May 2024
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 50 (736,580)

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patents, private law, patent infringement, contributory infringement

56.

Introduction to Three Posted Papers on IP and Private Law

Posted: 06 May 2024
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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57.

Autonomy and Independence: The Normative Face of Transaction Costs

Arizona Law Review, Vol. 53, 2011
Posted: 31 May 2011
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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intellectual property, transaction costs, property rights theory

58.

One Hundred Years of Solicitude: Intellectual Property Law, 1900-2000

Posted: 11 Jan 2001
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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59.

Property Rights Theory and the Employed Inventor

Berkeley Center for Law and Technology Working Paper 97-03
Posted: 17 Oct 1997
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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60.

The End of Friction? Property Rights and Contract in the 'Newtonian' World of On-Line Commerce

Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Vol. 12, No. 1 (1997).
Posted: 01 Sep 1997
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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61.

Contracting into Liability Rules: Intellectual Property Rights and Collective Rights Organizations

in the California Law Review, Vol. 84, No. 5 (1996).
Posted: 11 Aug 1997
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law

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Other Papers (1)

Total Downloads: 76
1.

Merges: Back to the Shadows, or Onward and Upward? Current Trends in Patent Law

Number of pages: 10 Posted: 18 Apr 2007 Last Revised: 17 Nov 2011
Robert P. Merges
University of California, Berkeley - School of Law
Downloads 76

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