Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, North Manchester General Hospital - Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Duke University - Duke University Hospital, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Duke University - School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College - Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, University of Malawi - School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College - Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Achikondi Women Community Clinic, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Department of International Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Government of the United Kingdom - Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, North Manchester General Hospital - Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme and Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpool School of Tropical Medicine - Department of Clinical SciencesWalimu, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, World Health Organization (WHO), University of Exeter, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Walimu, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, University of Sierra Leone - College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Douala General Hospital, Walimu, University of Malawi - Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, CHU Sourô Sanou - Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City and Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine